tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-53481403482541604412024-03-27T16:53:42.716-07:00Project IdeasCOMPUTER ENGINEERING | SCIENCE FAIR | SCHOOLS | ELECTRONICS | MECHANICAL | IT | ELECTRICAL | BIOLOGY | CHEMISTRY | PHYSICS Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger250125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-38585211254382381942015-01-31T21:02:00.000-08:002020-02-02T23:06:02.096-08:00Bicycle Sprayer<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Pest Control is an important step for good agriculture production and we have already discussed about <a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/mechanical-sprayer.html">mechanical sprayer</a> in this blog.To do our own pest and weed control, we don't need any exotic equipment, you just need an idea and some knowledge of science. Mansukhbhai Jagani of Gujarat (India) has both and he invented bicycle sprayer which is topic of our today's discussion.<br />
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As we have discussed in my last post, that in mechanical sprayer farmers need to pump manually, as a result, spraying remains difficult task with these sprayers. Today, we will discuss bicycle sprayer which is much easier to operate than its predecessor as it is powered by bicycle.<br />
<a name='more'></a><b>What's the need?</b><br />
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Spraying of pesticides and other chemicals in the far is a tedious and laborious task. The conventional knapsack sprayers available in the market require manual labor to operate, and nowadays labor is difficult to find due to movement of farm laborers toward cities. The small farmers cannot afford to buy the power operated sprayer or tractor-mounted sprayers available in the market, as these are very costly and are of not much use to small farmers due to small land holdings.<br />
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<b>Concept:</b><br />
<br />
This system works on three important concepts:<br />
<br />
1.First is to transform rotational motion into reciprocating motion. In other words, when wheels move in circular motion it should push and pull piston in to and fro motion. To build this system, we need two sprockets (one small and one large), chain, and connectors. We will connect small sprocket (we can get it from any old bicycle or from any store) to the large sprocket using cycle chain. When we move bicycle forward, it moves both first sprocket, which eventually moves second sprocket at the top and this sprocket pushes the piston in to and fro motion as shown in video.<br />
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2.This reciprocating motion than pushes piston moves forward and backward in a repetitive cycle.<br />
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3.Pesticide pumps out of reservoir<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgj26zAoWcplKWK8yHgGA07sSvPQuRivKcSGXSdklSlIojxCg49pw7ups5n54Bt3gIXqrkY3fH0iKOe4E1rgJNSHEtTokYWOHK1VExLqnEh-s1KbuOgqIhbOnHb_d2v5M7qu5oq1Ph7SHRn/s1600/rotatory_to_reciprocating.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Bicycle Sprayer Diagram" border="0" height="256" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgj26zAoWcplKWK8yHgGA07sSvPQuRivKcSGXSdklSlIojxCg49pw7ups5n54Bt3gIXqrkY3fH0iKOe4E1rgJNSHEtTokYWOHK1VExLqnEh-s1KbuOgqIhbOnHb_d2v5M7qu5oq1Ph7SHRn/s1600/rotatory_to_reciprocating.png" title="Diagram of Bicycle Sprayer Working" width="320" /></a></div>
For better understanding of inner mechanism of reservoir you need to understand basics of spray pump and how it moves liquid from reservoir to top. To pump out pesticide we should know that pesticide must always move outside from reservoir.<br />
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Fluid must move upward only, in other words, it must be unidirectional. This can be achieved only by one way valve. The most important part for any pumping mechanism is one way valve and in our experiment too, we will use valve which allow fuel to enter but stop it when it tries to exit. <br />
<div>
sprocket is connected to the piston pump</div>
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<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/7uYTsLmLZCA" width="560"></iframe>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-43024316103788540262014-03-15T23:36:00.000-07:002020-02-19T22:15:57.990-08:00Automobile Service Center Management System<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6ArnrG_6YQOSYWpz8wY8CCDGaHCdjFff7ciFwfwivHqM661wK8LyvuTegsXJRCTgJbQ-ffGJGQQ-pM30FFCko-FOdYf8VIb7HIzoJ8qQU0hYf8Id0YkAhyphenhyphenlJqEaZLs01p2JnEdkTHC_Uv/s1600/automobile_project.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Automobile Service Center Management System" border="0" height="126" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6ArnrG_6YQOSYWpz8wY8CCDGaHCdjFff7ciFwfwivHqM661wK8LyvuTegsXJRCTgJbQ-ffGJGQQ-pM30FFCko-FOdYf8VIb7HIzoJ8qQU0hYf8Id0YkAhyphenhyphenlJqEaZLs01p2JnEdkTHC_Uv/s1600/automobile_project.png" title="Screenshot showing Automobile Service Center Management System" width="320" /></a></div>
Automobile Service Center Management System (ASCMS) is an application used for digitized the paperwork and reduce paperwork. It is a very useful software for small service centers who want to computerize their work.<br />
<br />
<b>Advantages of using this software:</b><br />
Maintain records of customers for years<br />
Managing Stock<br />
Generate Invoice<br />
Developed in PHP so accessible from anywhere around the world<br />
<br />
<b>Tools Required:</b><br />
PHP ( Programming Language), Apache Server & MySql (Xampp)<br />
Codeigniter Framework<br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://github.com/cgpandey/automobile">Download </a></span>(Open Readme.md for instructions)<br />
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<b>Modification Required:</b><br />
Automobile -> Application -> Config-> database.php (Line 51 to 54)<br />
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<b>Why Codeigniter?</b><br />
Because it is a (Model View Controller) MVC Framework and reduce development time significantly. Without going into complex definitions, you simply understand it as in MVC, projects are divided into three parts :<br />
<b>Model:</b> Works with database<br />
<b>View: </b>Works with a user interface<br />
<b>Controller: </b>Control everything and makes the connection between model and view<br />
<br />
In Codeigniter, there are three different folders for each and you will start understanding it after reading tutorials or books about this framework.<br />
<br />
<b>Recommended Book:</b><br />
<a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1847191746/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=1847191746&linkCode=as2&tag=hubp06-20">CodeIgniter for Rapid PHP Application Development</a> ( Kindle Edition for only $3 )<br />
<br />
<b>What is our objective?</b><br />
<br />
Before beginning to develop any project, first, we need to understand our goal. In this project we will develop a PHP website where we will design customer form to get customer information, vehicle form to get details about customer vehicles. Then we will create a job order for this particular customer. After that, we will add purchases to this job order, thereafter generate invoices for that job. Meanwhile doing all the above things, we will also manage stock of the service center and for that, we will need product and vendor forms.<br />
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<b>Database:</b><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuhyphenhyphenJ0JZXTlhKYGqQMKh9I1gw62u6RPT58d6ITqBnFX7EH25fmYsNGPCamZiZGebl29MCcGUjM1Lgxl8txN520a_NnZtJ_iNKzOPpj-fKf3vExafC6KOs81ju1877L55OMkfG8fYqZ8DnE/s1600/automobileprojectdb.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuhyphenhyphenJ0JZXTlhKYGqQMKh9I1gw62u6RPT58d6ITqBnFX7EH25fmYsNGPCamZiZGebl29MCcGUjM1Lgxl8txN520a_NnZtJ_iNKzOPpj-fKf3vExafC6KOs81ju1877L55OMkfG8fYqZ8DnE/s1600/automobileprojectdb.jpg" width="132" /></a>I have chosen Mysql as a database for this project. You can select any DB of your choice. As we know our objectives, we get a clear idea of tables required by us. First, we will need a custom table to store customer data, second employee table to store employees of the store, third for storing invoices, fourth for storing job_order for the vehicle, products for stock management, purchase details for storing purchase, vehicles, and vendors for storing their data.<br />
<br />
So, Important tables are:<br />
customers<br />
employees<br />
invoices<br />
job_order<br />
orderdetails<br />
payments<br />
products<br />
purchasedetails<br />
vehicles<br />
vendors<br />
<b>Detail Explanation:</b><br />
<br />
Our Program has used 6 Controllers:<br />
<br />
1. auth.php<br />
We will use Tank Auth Module (Free Download) for authentication purposes and this controller performs a function such as login, logout, redirect, etc.<br />
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2. examples.php<br />
We will use the grocery crud Module (Free Download) for crud task and this is a controller provided by them. We customized it to use it according to our requirements. This controller helps us to do create, read, update, delete and edit our table from PHP forms.<br />
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3.form.php<br />
Form validation<br />
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4.invoice.php<br />
Generate invoice: Take the job order number and fetch all relevant data from the database tables to generate an invoice by giving one last option of editing it.<br />
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5.welcome.php<br />
check whether a user is logged in if yes then redirect it to the main page.<br />
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<b>Views and Models:</b><br />
They are self-explanatory and have the same names as a controller.<br />
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<br />
<b>Installation Guide:</b><br />
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Step 1. Open the Download link and copy the URL as shown in the picture from GitHub<br />
<b><br /></b>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhh_X4h0JTGZKnmJeNkc4VwqD1vIpqIg3CkEbslwlKNHYV4tn-vZB2T3Jm18aoXNhDeY_Dv_588_Tgw8BpbmzvgjQoCwFjui0rNmRUNllHIHtKb4szpyvxWtC46NC49hByVHinf0MOPhwCT/s1600/Screenshot+2020-02-18+at+9.58.57+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Github Download Link" border="0" data-original-height="650" data-original-width="1600" height="129" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhh_X4h0JTGZKnmJeNkc4VwqD1vIpqIg3CkEbslwlKNHYV4tn-vZB2T3Jm18aoXNhDeY_Dv_588_Tgw8BpbmzvgjQoCwFjui0rNmRUNllHIHtKb4szpyvxWtC46NC49hByVHinf0MOPhwCT/s320/Screenshot+2020-02-18+at+9.58.57+AM.png" title="Github Download Link" width="320" /></a></div>
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Step 2. Change the Directory to your server root folder, in case of apache it would public_html and then clone the repository<br />
<pre> git clone https://github.com/cgpandey/automobile.git </pre>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQ_pqlI95nn6JeoeBTT9XBdJLUS4L2A6KloFBe_nxMcFVkyYuIyp99dUYN_BVqjYe54yEQ3r6uDs-EAmOOGf-Wj1El_cPETBiasqtBqM876L41OKRid1d3JnzO-p6eMbiHT4gNyd6F1tCJ/s1600/Screenshot+2020-02-18+at+10.01.27+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="git clone terminal command" border="0" data-original-height="68" data-original-width="1246" height="17" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQ_pqlI95nn6JeoeBTT9XBdJLUS4L2A6KloFBe_nxMcFVkyYuIyp99dUYN_BVqjYe54yEQ3r6uDs-EAmOOGf-Wj1El_cPETBiasqtBqM876L41OKRid1d3JnzO-p6eMbiHT4gNyd6F1tCJ/s320/Screenshot+2020-02-18+at+10.01.27+AM.png" title="git clone terminal command" width="320" /></a></div>
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Step 3. Create the database with the name "automobile"<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwbD0kHyH8QYC_XTrkL7-Db1I9PVTCrxDNb5MnGpBDrRigVpWRlTF2K4ydrSActJ-Ra4X6xzpfDi3VXxuq7nNu2YniDF_8cqNzySrRYaqPQYrJi_XuPcJTHNGdGvdwOCgE5SfBwkCfdxbf/s1600/Screenshot+2020-02-18+at+10.08.34+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="PHPMyAdmin Database Creation " border="0" data-original-height="210" data-original-width="1118" height="60" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwbD0kHyH8QYC_XTrkL7-Db1I9PVTCrxDNb5MnGpBDrRigVpWRlTF2K4ydrSActJ-Ra4X6xzpfDi3VXxuq7nNu2YniDF_8cqNzySrRYaqPQYrJi_XuPcJTHNGdGvdwOCgE5SfBwkCfdxbf/s320/Screenshot+2020-02-18+at+10.08.34+AM.png" title="PHPMyAdmin Database Creation" width="320" /></a></div>
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Step 4. Import automobile.sql present inside the downloaded folder from GitHub.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVcXTyU7CgiT3jYWk-fd_8K7CFybGRDmNmPGIY9nEY2mvPDHMAQ8b-JSYDV-o_7A2Q6IW2rL5FuKIN16FhsbawHfv0b7McOMMqJunPUNN31G9WgwSHzncAoECCN3e745yP8vK-L98VaYjP/s1600/Screenshot+2020-02-18+at+10.10.56+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Automobile SQL File" border="0" data-original-height="226" data-original-width="1130" height="64" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVcXTyU7CgiT3jYWk-fd_8K7CFybGRDmNmPGIY9nEY2mvPDHMAQ8b-JSYDV-o_7A2Q6IW2rL5FuKIN16FhsbawHfv0b7McOMMqJunPUNN31G9WgwSHzncAoECCN3e745yP8vK-L98VaYjP/s320/Screenshot+2020-02-18+at+10.10.56+AM.png" title="Automobile SQL File" width="320" /></a></div>
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Step 5. Edit config/database.php and config/config.php as per your specific configuration as shown below.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5Y6dOXmzGWHWNnvquyftLrtHtOdexvjVDRRVDab4ujKYbFHQutWfANaTqByqAov42zjly4SOIEwVTy2qfeCMXgrNlcgvUV75LXJN9R_U0SnksjmRaporoqAwAGnvtcJB4ocS_mYz4EDgT/s1600/Screenshot+2020-02-20+at+10.33.49+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Config file showing where to edit" border="0" data-original-height="741" data-original-width="1600" height="148" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5Y6dOXmzGWHWNnvquyftLrtHtOdexvjVDRRVDab4ujKYbFHQutWfANaTqByqAov42zjly4SOIEwVTy2qfeCMXgrNlcgvUV75LXJN9R_U0SnksjmRaporoqAwAGnvtcJB4ocS_mYz4EDgT/s320/Screenshot+2020-02-20+at+10.33.49+AM.png" title="config file for Automobile " width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">config.php</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_Be8Qom67ShOyOvqOTUS2pSTnU4VALWDoHHkKx7K94z4iKXfvAJx5pOSejKZtl_PdznvuRte5etgi1WRNnmkNvFx2sCBpwGe-9LCfZWTFk11EJDGbXpLei0cmerkzY0yuFNNUzfnUik7k/s1600/Screenshot+2020-02-20+at+10.34.59+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img alt="database file showing where to edit" border="0" data-original-height="1048" data-original-width="1600" height="130" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_Be8Qom67ShOyOvqOTUS2pSTnU4VALWDoHHkKx7K94z4iKXfvAJx5pOSejKZtl_PdznvuRte5etgi1WRNnmkNvFx2sCBpwGe-9LCfZWTFk11EJDGbXpLei0cmerkzY0yuFNNUzfnUik7k/s200/Screenshot+2020-02-20+at+10.34.59+AM.png" title="database file for automobile system" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">database.php</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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I hope you would like this project!<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://github.com/cgpandey/automobile">Download </a></span>(GIT HUB)<br />
<br /></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-41120205126623099342014-02-25T00:05:00.002-08:002020-02-22T05:03:50.206-08:00Solar powered Pesticide Sprayer<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
We have discussed many <a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/search/label/agriculture%20project">agricultural projects</a> on this blog. This post is part of that series. Farming is one of the oldest and important businesses ever done by humans but in most parts of the world, it is done in the traditional way. Though farmers are adapting to changing times there are many more things that are needed to be done.<br />
<div>
<div>
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<a name='more'></a></div>
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<b>Why?</b></div>
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At the present time, we use Power sprayers in a two-stroke petrol engine which pollutes our environment. It requires regular maintenance and filter cleaning regularly. It costs around Rs.70 / hr or $ 0.96 / hr. As the demand for energy increasing, its cost is increasing too. As we have seen an example of Tractors, Motors electrical pump, Technology is being useful for improving production<br />
<br />
Other sprayers which are popular are hand-operated, which are inefficient and difficult to use. </div>
<div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b>How to build this project?</b></div>
<div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiILZ4CgVUYO2pqJIO0DlTTf_XAcTBgJw2YDYKVjcKM4ON7_vwc8nERC2DOUB7k44gfiXtuEDYLh7A5AvjlGWqxUAw3_5_t2WNN1HFiQ0LVE8h8Aa40RIvb4iICiADD4ycTeRhCa8Zhmz68/s1600/Solar_Energy_Electric_Sprayer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Solar Pesticide Sprayer" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiILZ4CgVUYO2pqJIO0DlTTf_XAcTBgJw2YDYKVjcKM4ON7_vwc8nERC2DOUB7k44gfiXtuEDYLh7A5AvjlGWqxUAw3_5_t2WNN1HFiQ0LVE8h8Aa40RIvb4iICiADD4ycTeRhCa8Zhmz68/s1600/Solar_Energy_Electric_Sprayer.jpg" title="Solar Pesticide Sprayer" /></a>There are two ways you can do it. First one is from the scratch where we build each and everything ourselves and learn basics of the motor, blower and <a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/01/solar-energy-projects.html">solar</a> power technology and the second way is where we avoid reinventing the wheel instead of that focus on our task in hand which is building pesticide sprayer which runs with the help of <a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/01/solar-energy-projects.html">solar</a> power.<br />
<br /></div>
<div>
<b>How?</b></div>
<div>
<b>First method:</b><br />
Prepare the design of your sprayer using a computer-aided tool( <a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/search/label/CAD">CAD</a>). You will require the following materials for building this project:<br />
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<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Solar Panel: Solar panels will fit on the top of the sprayer to get maximum sunlight. This will allow us to use Sunlight as our source of energy.</li>
<li>Battery: Sunlight is inconsistent when in the generation of electricity. So, we store this electricity on battery which will provide reliable power to our motor and pump</li>
<li>Blower & its Motor: To spray the insecticide, we will need the blower which can push the pumped pesticide with greater force.</li>
<li>DC Motor & Pump: Pump is required to pump pesticide from the tank </li>
<li>Connecting wires </li>
<li>Tank to Store Pesticide: This tank will contain the pesticide which needs to be refilled when we pump it out fully. </li>
<li>Spray Pipe: The farmer will hold the spray pipe to spray pesticides at the desired place.</li>
</ul>
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<br />
<a href="https://www.slideshare.net/anandmali1/solar-sprayer-ppt">Slideshare slides</a> will help you in getting more info about this project.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.slideshare.net/anandmali1/solar-sprayer-ppt">View PPT </a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-71348204549147114432014-02-22T22:53:00.000-08:002020-02-23T12:20:01.511-08:00Zoology Project Ideas<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
In most simple words zoology is the <a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/10/science-fair-project-ideas.html">science</a> of study animals in their natural environment. These projects are very interesting to do if you wanna learn about nature and its species.<br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
<b>Bird:</b><br />
You can build a bird feeder and place it into your garden. And when birds arrive, you can take notes about the type of birds in your area. Moreover, you can photograph or make a video of them, do research about them on the internet,<br />
<br />
<br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Reptiles:</b><br />
It includes tortoises, turtles, snakes, lizards, alligators, crocodiles, and extinct forms.<br />
1. You can conduct a study on any of the above reptiles about their habitat, movement or classification.<br />
2. Kids below 5 can also build paper reptiles to understand the basics of designing and movement of reptiles. For eg. If they build a snake, they need to build its tail in series with a combination of rings fitted into one another to make a flexible ligament so that it looks and moves like a snake.<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
<b>Animals:</b><br />
<div>
1. Do animals have memory, smell senses or color distinguishes capabilities? Do some experiments to find out that and record your findings with data. One of the best ways to do it is by constructing a maze.</div>
<div>
<br />
2.Study Animal Populations in different environments and what are the reasons for their population growth at one place more than other places. Moreover, you can also study whether population growth depends only on the availability of food or there are some other factors involved in it.<br />
<br /></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-31603718060731594692014-02-21T23:41:00.000-08:002020-02-24T07:17:06.883-08:00Hydraulic Clock<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPoV7wxsaUatlxuhME3fUEnz8DI6AKxFkswmzhThfJQzfcVKEGWYqU7whiQE2rIkUE-Y4D-QpJ-HxkSqTGVTyjga1vLDrRt8OpDnVdpnWx5lm_bMqo37AagcUFe_Bu2ccVRBS4UQd4pFLe/s1600/hydraulic_clock.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hydraulic Clock" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPoV7wxsaUatlxuhME3fUEnz8DI6AKxFkswmzhThfJQzfcVKEGWYqU7whiQE2rIkUE-Y4D-QpJ-HxkSqTGVTyjga1vLDrRt8OpDnVdpnWx5lm_bMqo37AagcUFe_Bu2ccVRBS4UQd4pFLe/s1600/hydraulic_clock.jpg" title="Hydraulic Clock" /></a>In the fast-moving world where new products launch every day, things look obscure and understanding technology behind it looks out of reach and complex.<br />
<br />
Take an example of a digital clock, we all use them but never bothered about how they work and technology used in building them.<br />
<br />
Today we are going to discuss a project which is not only interesting but has its own significance in a journey of innovations. It will help students learn the basics of hydraulics and fluid mechanics. <br />
<br />
I have seen this project title at one education site and find it interesting enough to discuss it with you.<br />
<br />
<a name='more'></a><h3>
What is the Hydraulic clock?</h3>
It is a water clock also known as "clepsydra" in greek means water. Water is the only source of energy other than gravity which keeps this clock moving.<br />
<br />
<h3>
What is the oldest Water Clock?</h3>
According to my knowledge first, the hydraulic clock was built by Chinese scientist Yi Xing in 1088 C.E. These clocks are one of the first innovations when it comes to measurement of time and dated back to the 16th century based on the evidence of around that period in Athens, Greece.<br />
<br />
<h3>
How it works?</h3>
It works on the concept of <a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/08/hydraulics-project-ideas.html">Hydraulics</a> and often powered by Gravity. Its accuracy depends upon the inflow and outflow of water. Though it seems simple to make it accurate is a mammoth task. There are two mechanisms:<br />
<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Water Outflow: In this method, we fill the transparent container with water and allows it to leak slowly. There are many ways to measure the time but the simplest way is to draw measurement marks and as per the water level, we can tell the time. </li>
<li>Water Inflow: This is the opposite of Water Outflow and in this method instead of getting water out, we put a source of water at the top of the container and fill it slowly. And as water starts to fill in, we can measure the time the same way as we did with the Water outflow method. </li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<h3>
Do we still use it?</h3>
No, with today's standards, we can't trust the accuracy of these clocks. So these clocks are replaced by pendulum clocks and now we have started to use much advanced digital clocks and mobile phones which are very specific and reliable.<br />
<br />
<h3>
Are there any other alternatives?</h3>
Yes, they do, if you don't want to use water as its power source you can use human power and gravity together to construct your own mechanical clock. The concept of this clock would remain the same as the only thing changed is that now you need to pull up some mass for gravity to attract in a controlled manner. Moreover, you need to pull this mass up whenever it gets grounded by gravitational force.<br />
<b><br /></b>
<br />
<h3>
What this mechanism called?</h3>
<br />
It is known as escapement which according to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escapement">Wikipedia</a> is a device in <a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/08/mechanical-engineering-project-ideas.html">mechanical</a> powered clocks that transfers energy to the timekeeping element and allows the number of its oscillations to be counted. If you want you can Read More about escapement <a href="http://www.exo.net/~donr/activities/Escapement.pdf">here</a>. <br />
<br /></div>
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/eFCipvdowNE" width="560"></iframe>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-12058424770533359592014-02-07T23:15:00.002-08:002020-02-24T21:53:38.738-08:00Spherical Solar Energy Cells<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div dir="ltr" trbidi="on">
<span style="text-align: left;">The biggest hurdle in the use of clean energy is their costing which is far more than traditional sources. We at Projectideasblog.com always try to bring you information about the latest technologies and innovation and this article is one of those posts where we will not discuss ideas but technology which in the future has the potential to change our lives. </span><br />
<span style="text-align: left;"><br /></span>
<span style="text-align: left;">Scientist around the world is working day and night to make it cost-effective. Batteries and Material costs are the two main reasons for its high production cost. We can bring down its cost in two ways; first by reducing the price of storage that we discussed in our </span><a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2014/01/quinone-battery-to-make-solar-and-wind.html" style="text-align: left;">last post</a><span style="text-align: left;"> and second by improving the efficiency which we are discussing today.</span><br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhk_Kg7rmoIUBhoHKk36SHspRAaSwLOm_a6pUrqguy6ue5HDQRfRSryvRzTS5HbPWvEqTJ-21RB3td5-xTrmrm_6YQZku6GW-_UWcBDffEZcnSoxBg_7DKO4SW0LgYG7fbpJM8jNVeZX3PV/s1600/sphelar-spherical-solar-cell.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img alt="Spherical Solar Energy Cells" border="0" height="117" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhk_Kg7rmoIUBhoHKk36SHspRAaSwLOm_a6pUrqguy6ue5HDQRfRSryvRzTS5HbPWvEqTJ-21RB3td5-xTrmrm_6YQZku6GW-_UWcBDffEZcnSoxBg_7DKO4SW0LgYG7fbpJM8jNVeZX3PV/s1600/sphelar-spherical-solar-cell.jpg" title="Spherical Solar Energy Cells" width="200" /></a>The new solar cell developed by Barcelona scientist Andre Broessel which can significantly improve the efficiency of existing cells.<br />
<br />
The problem with existing solar cells is that they have low efficiency. German Architect Andre experiment seems to be a solution to this problem and it would improve its efficiency by <b>35 percent</b>.<br />
<br />
It is based on the concept of focusing sunlight to one point. The founder of this technology claims that it will not only improve the efficiency of the solar power plants but also produce electricity when sunlight is not widely available i.e. night. Moreover, with the help of spherical cells, we can produce solar power 24x7 which is itself a revolution and launchpad for future ideas to blossom.<br />
<br />
<b>Advantages of using these:</b><br />
<br />
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li>Receive More Sunlight</li>
<li>With its shape and small diameter (80mm) and weight around 870 gm, it provides flexibility in designing </li>
<li>It takes 320 times less surface for Solar Cells while providing an equal amount of electricity</li>
</ol>
<br />
<b>Helpful links:</b><br />
<a href="http://sphelarpower.com/technology/">Spheral Power</a><br />
Rawlemon<a href="http://www.indiegogo.com/projects/rawlemon-solar-devices"> Solar Devices</a><br />
<br />
<b>How it works? </b><br />
It catches sun rays from all directions and concentrates these rays(moonlight or sunlight) on one point. The biggest advantage of using this technology is that It concentrates light by 10,000 times.<br />
<br />
<b>Important Links:</b><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.indiegogo.com/projects/rawlemon-solar-devices">Rawlemon Spherical Solar Energy Generator </a><br />
<br /></div>
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/00C9KebsYVg" width="560"></iframe></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-88370063461856806172014-01-10T02:42:00.004-08:002020-02-27T00:50:10.271-08:00Quinone Battery to make solar and wind power cheaper<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPuXhHVK0vqa1EKtLypv1my4If-dl3zhk6jV__0HB_IHzRXT0UVq27gqqMTL7W2_Xyprwt3XEZVZyDfvjqjH7C4_0glAT9OzFMCvsbRB81yGuR0izJOMgEoYhoeG5Z_UMy2cnNrcM2qrvt/s1600/Rheum_rhabarbarum.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Quinone Battery" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPuXhHVK0vqa1EKtLypv1my4If-dl3zhk6jV__0HB_IHzRXT0UVq27gqqMTL7W2_Xyprwt3XEZVZyDfvjqjH7C4_0glAT9OzFMCvsbRB81yGuR0izJOMgEoYhoeG5Z_UMy2cnNrcM2qrvt/s1600/Rheum_rhabarbarum.jpg" title="Quinone Battery" /></a>We all know that renewable energy is the need of the hour and has many advantages to traditional sources of energy. But do you ever ask, if it is all good, why we are not using it completely?<br />
<br />
<b>Why we are not using Renewable energy for all our energy needs?</b><br />
<br />
Whenever this question has been asked, most of the people respond with two reasons:<br />
1. It's expensive to use<br />
2. It's unreliable or inconsistent<br />
<br />
And yes, these are the two reasons which make it difficult for Renewable energy to become a sellable commodity. But when you will dig deeper, you will find that the root cause is only the reliability and inconsistency. So, if the wind is blowing well, we produce more electricity but if it's diminished, we don't get any electricity.<br />
<br />
To make things more consistent, we use batteries, it solves our first problem but it increases the cost because batteries require regular maintenance and we have to replace them every couple of years.<br />
<br />
The project we are going to discuss today is going to address this problem. And if we are able to bring down the cost of batteries, green energy will become super lucrative.<br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
<b>Why storage of electricity is important for renewable energy and not for conventional energy? </b><br />
<b><br /></b>
With conventional sources, we get a constant supply of electricity and because energy sources can be supplied as per need but in renewable energy, the energy source is not in our hands and can't be supplied constantly and that's why storage plays a very vital role in renewable energy.<br />
<br />
To understand its importance more, we can also take an example of a wind farm, which generates electricity 24x7 while we require more electricity in the afternoon compared to night. <br />
<br />
Batteries are used to store electricity when it is in abundance which we can use later as and when required.<br />
<br />
<b>What is the solution?</b><br />
<br />
The solution is to make batteries less expensive. In batteries, we use Bromine which is expensive and toxic for nature.<br />
<br />
So, if we can find a cheaper alternative to Bromine, that would help us to reduce the cost of batteries.<br />
<br />
For this reason, Harvard University researches developed a new type of battery with the help of organic material <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinone">Quinone</a>.<br />
<br />
Quinone can be synthesized from the plant called Rhubarb. Which makes it cheaper as well as good for nature. If we are able to use Quinone in our batteries, the new batteries will reduce the cost of batteries by 2/3 of their current cost well below the $100 per kilowatt-hour benchmark set by the United States Department of Energy.<br />
<br />
Let me know in the comment section if you have any other good suggestions to reduce the cost of renewable energy? I would glad to add and share that info with other people by updating this post!</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-58100716841348349532013-10-01T04:34:00.002-07:002020-03-12T05:57:29.503-07:00Hand Gesture Controlled Robot <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The gesture is a way to express our ideas using our head or body. To build a hand gesture robot we will build a system using which our robot can recognize any gesture with the help of its camera, afterward classify this gesture with the help of some algorithm and respond accordingly. To make it simple, You can understand the working of this robot in the following steps:<br />
1. Send Signals using Remote Device(Your Hand, Face, Body or remote)<br />
2. The robot receives Signals using Cameras on-board.<br />
3. Use Algorithm to decode the signal<br />
4. Match that signal with stored signals<br />
5.If match found then follow instructions as specified.<br />
<a name='more'></a>To build a Robot controlled by hand gesture, you will need the following things:<br />
<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Transmitter Circuit</li>
<li>Receiver Circuit</li>
<li>LilyPad Arduino: This board is based on ATmega168V. The main advantage of using Lilypad is that it can be sewn with the fabric easily. And as we want to control the robot with gestures, we need the board which we can stitch with Gloves and wear it easily.</li>
<li>Accelerometer: Accelerometer has become a household name with the introduction of them in our smartphones. They help phone software to determine the orientation of the phone. In our project, they will help us to determine the orientation of the hand. And based on the signal we receive, we change the direction of our robot. </li>
<li>RF 433 Module: These are Radio Frequency Modules, which helps us to transfer and receive serial data on prefixed frequencies. They are commonly used with encoder and decoder. So basically, if you want to send Hello World text to the receiver, you can use RF 433 which converts your serial data into airwave and transmit it to the receiver using its Antenna. </li>
<li>HT 12 D</li>
<li>Battery</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://cs.brown.edu/research/pubs/theses/masters/2009/aysun.pdf">WiiRobot</a>: In this project, students of Brown University build a simple and reproducible gesture-based robot controller. It consists of Wii Remote, Asus eeePC, Ubuntu Eee(as Operating System), USB Webcam, USB Bluetooth Dongle, and other components. To recognize gestures, a team of wiiRobot used two algorithms:<br />
1.K-Nearest Neighbor and<br />
2.Sum of square differences<br />
<br />
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/rejZmqRrKMc" width="560"></iframe><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Wireless Gesture Controlled Toy</b><br />
The objective of this project is to build a toy car that can be controlled by gestures wirelessly. The user is able to control motions of the car by wearing the controller glove and performing predefined gestures.<br />
This project provides a basic platform for many potential applications such as wireless controlled toys racing games, gesture human-machine interfacing, and etc.<br />
<br />
<b>How it works?</b><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpLunXXRByeM0AHaX82C_KfsxZ01vVx7h1Y7yhcnU-mBo9DnYOZFQ95tiIrKBFrjHG1XaWfn1xg0TDfJUKNEqo1X7pyk3zDB3UyeR6JZ6oXQ4JQ3WFZ32FEqopNsLt4QuUZtwBTFcrrG_O/s1600/gesture_control_model.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; display: inline !important; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" height="186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpLunXXRByeM0AHaX82C_KfsxZ01vVx7h1Y7yhcnU-mBo9DnYOZFQ95tiIrKBFrjHG1XaWfn1xg0TDfJUKNEqo1X7pyk3zDB3UyeR6JZ6oXQ4JQ3WFZ32FEqopNsLt4QuUZtwBTFcrrG_O/s320/gesture_control_model.png" width="320" /></a><br />
<br />
<b><br /></b>More info at <a href="http://instruct1.cit.cornell.edu/courses/ee476/FinalProjects/s2008/jfs36_rer29/jfs36_rer29/final_website.html">Cornell University Page</a><br />
<b><br /></b><b>How to build one?</b><br />
Complete details about <a href="http://people.ece.cornell.edu/land/courses/ece4760/FinalProjects/s2011/rw363/Final%20Report%20Rick%20Wong.pdf">Gesture Controlled Tank Toy</a><br />
<br />
<b>Useful Link :</b><br />
<a href="http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2010/ssc88_egl27/index.html">Wireless USB Gesture Input System</a><br />
<b>Related PDF:</b><br />
Real-Time hand gesture Telerobotic system using Fuzzy Logic (<a href="http://web.ics.purdue.edu/~jpwachs/papers/real_time_israel.pdf">pdf</a>)<br />
<br />
<b>Related Video:</b><br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/WGBJ_lHY-vg" width="420"></iframe></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-20136640621849379312013-09-30T01:32:00.000-07:002020-02-02T23:12:18.950-08:00Hydraulic Disc Brakes<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Hydraulic disc brake uses brake fluid ( Ethylene Glycol HO–CH2CH2–OH) to transfer pressure from controlling mechanism to braking mechanism. It was first used in 1914 for racing cars.It is based on the principle of Pascal Law which states that "The pressure exerted anywhere in a mass of confined liquid is transmitted undiminished in all direction throughout the liquid".<br />
<a name='more'></a>It consists of pipeline containing fluid. One end of which is connected to the master cylinder fitted with a piston attached to the brake foot pedal and other end of the pipeline is connected to the wheel cylinder having two pistons attached to the brake shoes.Area of the cross section of the wheel cylinder is greater than the area of the cross section of master cylinder.<br />
<div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIFwWo2PkCj-E6835saQemn2F0x5KcmDu1C6cC1F8Q15lYvOJMCrkaKHjsO8a2qvG_A7y1ed0T4UZ16niqWK1zpys1njGOs1-t7uwFw9Jrhr86d3_P69OvBA1ZXtSeVm9AFafitGBNvbyT/s1600/Disk_brake.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hydraulic Disc Brakes" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIFwWo2PkCj-E6835saQemn2F0x5KcmDu1C6cC1F8Q15lYvOJMCrkaKHjsO8a2qvG_A7y1ed0T4UZ16niqWK1zpys1njGOs1-t7uwFw9Jrhr86d3_P69OvBA1ZXtSeVm9AFafitGBNvbyT/s1600/Disk_brake.jpg" title="Hydraulic Disc Brakes" /></a></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b>Why we need disc brakes?</b></div>
<div>
Though both systems use<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/08/hydraulics-project-ideas.html"> hydraulic</a> brakes but in drum brakes, braking system started to fade because of servo effect, this problem has been greatly reduced in disc brake.Moreover, their are other problems within the assembly line which cause braking strength weak.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b>How it works?</b></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<div>
It works on the very simple principle, when force applied at one point, it is transmitted to another point using an in-compressible fluid.When the brakes are applied the foot pedal is pushed due to which pressure is exerted on the fluid in the master cylinder.This pressure is transmitted equally and undiminished throughout the fluid and to the pistons of the wheel cylinder, therefore pistons of the engine pushed outwards and the brake shoe get pressed against the rim of the wheel due to which motion retards and vehicle starts to slow down.</div>
<div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY3KDdTBox0sC-Auebm4sIRx0hrav5ENXedjDSFbN8JKCOtP6Uq3Z7Uw37PwPjyIgoMrTCExIWxEeMj2jFi8lpmrRYnkpZghD3FfTC_d0K7DGxRsOSKzhKI7Sd-Ggr6lZPPzbDoZM03g-W/s1600/Hydraulic_disc_brake_diagram.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY3KDdTBox0sC-Auebm4sIRx0hrav5ENXedjDSFbN8JKCOtP6Uq3Z7Uw37PwPjyIgoMrTCExIWxEeMj2jFi8lpmrRYnkpZghD3FfTC_d0K7DGxRsOSKzhKI7Sd-Ggr6lZPPzbDoZM03g-W/s1600/Hydraulic_disc_brake_diagram.gif" /></a></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.1875px;"><b>Related Projects:</b></span><br />
<br />
<br />
<b style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.1875px;">Related Posts:</b></div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19.1875px;"><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/08/hydraulics-project-ideas.html">Hydraulic Projects</a></span><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/06/automobile-engineering-project-ideas.html">Automobile Engineering Projects</a></div>
</div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-77372156283920081722013-09-28T11:44:00.003-07:002020-02-02T23:12:29.775-08:00Candle Light Powered Fan<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/l0H7zMRgYAw" width="420"></iframe><br />
<br />
Candle light fan use technology which converts heat directly into electricity using a effect called Seebeck. The only problem with these fans is their efficiency which is lesser than 10 %. To use this technology we need thermoelectric materials such as Bismuth Telluride(<span style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">Bi</span><sub style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 1em;">2</sub><span style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">Te</span><sub style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 1em;">3</sub>) or Lead Telluride (<span style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 19.200000762939453px;">PbTe</span>).<br />
<br />
<a name='more'></a><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguT5mWCFMkM-J0XLS5SCeH3ZBrhMO-POr60Z69amkWT0H7zk29FHJ05wfhsueJrNGCzhmEAkQhScX3izvtjT7hZMTmlBGT-L5ghUjZn-7MxMB7_Ox5Kfb23k6hgc8RpN4zsW_9havvvLpl/s1600/candle_light_powered_fan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Candle Light Powered Fan" border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguT5mWCFMkM-J0XLS5SCeH3ZBrhMO-POr60Z69amkWT0H7zk29FHJ05wfhsueJrNGCzhmEAkQhScX3izvtjT7hZMTmlBGT-L5ghUjZn-7MxMB7_Ox5Kfb23k6hgc8RpN4zsW_9havvvLpl/s1600/candle_light_powered_fan.jpg" title="Candle Light Powered Fan" width="238" /></a></div>
<b>Is their any difference ?</b><br />
<br />
Yes, it is very different technology and unlike Dynamo (First Electric Generator, it is most commonly used for bicycle headlight),their is no moving part involved in electricity generation with thermoelectric materials.<br />
<br />
<b>What is the use of this project?</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
It helps you to understand basic concept of thermoelectricity which is used in spacecraft as Radioisotope to convert the heat released by the decay of a suitable radioactive material into electricity and in automobiles where it helps to reuse waste heat from <a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/09/internal-combustion-engine-project.html">Internal Combustion Engine</a>.<br />
<br />
<b>How to Build this?</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
You can find complete instructions about this fan <a href="http://www.instructables.com/id/Thermoelectric-Fan-Driven-by-a-Candle/">here</a>.<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-39235751405214473832013-09-15T00:20:00.000-07:002020-02-02T23:14:43.269-08:00Physics Project Ideas <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkzQZleBbr8MuSqYloWAVm6cd3aezFpYchLYLB3S4zaiLz4OgDQp_FLjw7q8YyJv1ANHWPYTi1RwPw0Q6ZI7vY_MrwI2ILyjhkS33NgKMdmwDj8bMoSC4PT63qvGmA2horA0IOCNKOuQW3/s1600/Physics_projects.png" imageanchor="1" style="display: inline !important; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Physics Project Ideas " border="0" height="170" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkzQZleBbr8MuSqYloWAVm6cd3aezFpYchLYLB3S4zaiLz4OgDQp_FLjw7q8YyJv1ANHWPYTi1RwPw0Q6ZI7vY_MrwI2ILyjhkS33NgKMdmwDj8bMoSC4PT63qvGmA2horA0IOCNKOuQW3/s320/Physics_projects.png" title="Physics Project Ideas " width="320" /></a></div>
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Physics projects for science and engineering students discuss ideas related to our day to day life and some of them have implemented successfully in various science fair competitions around the world. As we all know that Physics is involved in every activity we do, from a walk to talk, from electronics to robotics and from computer science to aeronautics and finding the idea on this topic is going to be very easy. So, In this post, we will discuss some of the projects based on this field</div>
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<a name='more'></a><a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/06/pedal-powered-water-filter.html">Pedal Powered Water filter</a>: This project works on the concept of evaporation and condensation of water but on a very small scale with the use of human energy.<br />
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<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/solar-powered-bicycle.html">Solar Powered Bicycle</a>: Run your bicycle on solar power</div>
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<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/wind-mill-water-pump.html">Windmill water pump</a>: They are not new for us but still it would be interesting for us to build one on our own.</div>
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<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/10/mini-scooter.html">Mini Scooter</a></div>
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<span style="font-weight: bold;"></span><span style="font-weight: bold;">Color and Light</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGytIMoTwlRLwLYDCiNpwql-AEx0itJ3PJRjp7IZgqVk7Sq8x9zw8QWZ3AAZXwXjEuxEXpXD1w0W3P7khjnYXn8uARynpUEUX_nwMoTv5io8g2ZknZr7Sk8BBqVend7jTIAM3Qudl9lSLG/s1600/color_and_light.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="170" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGytIMoTwlRLwLYDCiNpwql-AEx0itJ3PJRjp7IZgqVk7Sq8x9zw8QWZ3AAZXwXjEuxEXpXD1w0W3P7khjnYXn8uARynpUEUX_nwMoTv5io8g2ZknZr7Sk8BBqVend7jTIAM3Qudl9lSLG/s320/color_and_light.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<a href="http://cpphysics.homestead.com/colorpics.html">College Prep physics on light and color</a><br />
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Human Eye concept based on Color and light :<span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span><br />
<a href="http://www.howstuffworks.com/eye.htm"><br />How Vision Works?</a><br />
<a href="http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/PY106/Eye.html">Physics and Human Eyes</a><br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;"><br /></span><span style="font-weight: bold;">Related Project</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;"><a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/09/bending-light.html" style="font-weight: normal;">Bending of Light </a></span><br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Build Your Own Maglev</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3PkvxsE5SxJlQ10ErcWGPYDwzRwp0W6uJN89NyTi-ewVLaigjnld54jAnM5WZHey2pWfUaUz0LapyzhKjOyzCdTIDvH-ojO49tvs3N5Hv4Afr5pP9MhVPoVzzKDflfJ9Eb3FlyOxQJnEa/s1600/maglev+physics+project.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3PkvxsE5SxJlQ10ErcWGPYDwzRwp0W6uJN89NyTi-ewVLaigjnld54jAnM5WZHey2pWfUaUz0LapyzhKjOyzCdTIDvH-ojO49tvs3N5Hv4Afr5pP9MhVPoVzzKDflfJ9Eb3FlyOxQJnEa/s200/maglev+physics+project.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
Maglev (MAG: is used for magnetic, LEV: is used for Levitation) is a train that uses the power of magnets instead of fuel with its highest recorded speed is 581 km/hr.<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/08/maglev-train-project.html">Complete Details about Maglev Project</a><br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Compare Strength of Wood using three different Paint's.</span><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0U8QCSam5h-P1Qk7mM8_PQ-BoKwozE3wXZODRjgd8_rwUhcNQFUQNXbtuQBTA2Moed-EdfMfkF1fAPPWLjWZzEZPJft3p8NCcB3uW91cMKmHWqqmBHPmeseU19A4bCtQnoZMlwAay2aRf/s1600/wood+strenght.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0U8QCSam5h-P1Qk7mM8_PQ-BoKwozE3wXZODRjgd8_rwUhcNQFUQNXbtuQBTA2Moed-EdfMfkF1fAPPWLjWZzEZPJft3p8NCcB3uW91cMKmHWqqmBHPmeseU19A4bCtQnoZMlwAay2aRf/s200/wood+strenght.jpg" width="200" /></a><br />
Is there any relation between paint and strength? Can we increase the strength of our furniture just by painting it? This project would help you find that out.<br />
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Marion Smith: The Effect of Paints on the Strength of Wood<br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">Try to build your own Roller Coaster</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Pdf files related to roller Coaster Project :</span><br />
<a href="http://www.math.armstrong.edu/faculty/hollis/vita/Coasters.pdf">Mathematica of Roller Coaster</a><br />
<a href="http://howthingswork.virginia.edu/lecture%20slides.1.0/carousels%20and%20roller%20coasters.1.0.pdf">Ppt of roller Coaster from Virginia University in Pdf format</a><br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">Other related :<br />
</span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roller_coaster">What wiki says about Roller Coaster</a><br />
<a href="http://www.dgp.toronto.edu/~lockwood/coaster/coaster.htm">Incredible Web Roller Coaster</a><br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Build your Telescope</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgo0nf063-xkaK3Fdv3Zre3SxX4XkT6ASYjVXVvj9T_JQFJQzv0V1iC2Y6Ib68sPw3FDVT152CLxqgqawa4J3i5CyeUzXEGyUWTOA7XdKHfpyBeQhVboUXxbklw7MnFxgfZSkbSFb-bjBUc/s1600/telescope.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Cam-less Engines" border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgo0nf063-xkaK3Fdv3Zre3SxX4XkT6ASYjVXVvj9T_JQFJQzv0V1iC2Y6Ib68sPw3FDVT152CLxqgqawa4J3i5CyeUzXEGyUWTOA7XdKHfpyBeQhVboUXxbklw7MnFxgfZSkbSFb-bjBUc/s200/telescope.jpg" title="Cam-less Engines" width="130" /></a><a href="http://www.funsci.com/fun3_en/tele/tele.htm">How to build telescope</a><br />
<div id="stcpDiv" style="left: -1988px; position: absolute; top: -1999px;">
simple Galilean telescope</div>
<a href="http://www.space.com/24114-how-to-build-a-telescope-science-fair-projects.html">Simple Galilean Telescope </a><br />
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simple Galilean telescope</div>
<div id="stcpDiv" style="left: -1988px; position: absolute; top: -1999px;">
simple Galilean telescope</div>
<b>Engines:</b><br />
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<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/07/fabrication-of-cam-less-engine.html">Fabrication of cam-less engine</a>: A cam-less is a kind of free valve engine that uses electromagnetic, hydraulic, or pneumatic actuators to open the poppet valves instead. Actuators can be used to both open and close the valves, or an actuator opens the valve while a spring closes it.<br />
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<b>Trebuchet or Catapult: </b><br />
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trebuchet">What is Trebuchet?</a><br />
In most simple words, we can say that trebuchet is a machine build to throw an object to a distance. In our post, Catapult<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/09/how-to-build-catapult.html"> Project</a>, we saw how we can build one for us.<br />
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<b>Concept:</b><br />
It is based on the simple concept of storing potential energy and when it requires to convert it into kinetic energy. So, to build good trebuchet we need to store as much energy and use it with bare minimum losses.<br />
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<a href="http://www.redstoneprojects.com/trebuchetstore/how_a_trebuchet_catapult_works.html">How Trebuchet works?</a><br />
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Cm-AZSkzdxo" width="560"></iframe><br /></div>
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<b>Pelton Wheel:</b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZoZR3zsgSNjJaYePGyjpA5QBEt9mQ0TJF4dmAO0DRwe9Hg7UhEHaWbtO_elcznB72S8_4WwsnTdbfH-YM8odrubMxYlCoCwt57hrIpaHeV0wo96hA0g_e3ufRTv5YldRLoBiv7eBA6j5_/s1600/Pelton_wheel.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Pelton Wheel" border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZoZR3zsgSNjJaYePGyjpA5QBEt9mQ0TJF4dmAO0DRwe9Hg7UhEHaWbtO_elcznB72S8_4WwsnTdbfH-YM8odrubMxYlCoCwt57hrIpaHeV0wo96hA0g_e3ufRTv5YldRLoBiv7eBA6j5_/s200/Pelton_wheel.png" title="Pelton Wheel" width="166" /></a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelton_wheel">The Pelton wheel </a>is an impulse turbine that is among the most efficient types of water turbines. The <a href="http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/pelton.html">Pelton wheel</a> extracts energy from the impulse (momentum) of moving water, as opposed to its weight like a traditional overshot water wheel. Older turbines used water power inefficiently. The shape of the Pelton turbine made it more efficient.<br />
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<b>Useful links :</b><br />
Calculations for my Pelton wheel turbine<br />
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<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/6sVO_ViWnY4" width="560"></iframe><br />
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<b>Other Good Websites :</b><br />
<br />
<a href="http://physics.truman.edu/projects.asp">Research Projects in Physics </a><br />
Ocean Physics Laboratory<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/02/wind-mill-power-generation-system.html">Windmill Power Generation system</a><br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/09/internal-combustion-engine-project.html">Internal Combustion engine</a><br />
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<b>Bicycle :</b><br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/solar-powered-bicycle.html">Solar Powered bicycle</a><br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/04/steam-engine-powered-bicycle.html">Steam Engine Powered Bicycle</a><br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">Related :</span><br />
<a href="http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/">Physics FAQ</a><br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/01/solar-energy-projects.html">Solar Energy Projects</a><br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/11/pedal-powered-washing-machine.html">Pedal powered Washing Machine</a><br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/06/hydropower-projects.html">Hydropower Plants</a><br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/08/maglev-train-project.html">Magnetic Levitation Train</a><br />
<a href="http://phycomp.technion.ac.il/~phr76ja/ajp.html">Solidification into crystalline and amorphous states</a><br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-69438763868494979152013-09-12T07:12:00.000-07:002020-02-02T23:16:20.795-08:00Solar Powered Bag<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHa5s2VYoQbQYWZfZsHVsl4uK7x0JMqIfiDZIsxKu2hrxPLBqpTkhx-6OycRXDROBdIJH8E16pFRDbC64UebCnpKeJY9iJ7-BD4UHdq01QRl83pLCToGroP2L4Zosj5o4z1c27BNH98nHa/s1600/thin_film_polycrystalline_solar_cell.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Solar Panel Working" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHa5s2VYoQbQYWZfZsHVsl4uK7x0JMqIfiDZIsxKu2hrxPLBqpTkhx-6OycRXDROBdIJH8E16pFRDbC64UebCnpKeJY9iJ7-BD4UHdq01QRl83pLCToGroP2L4Zosj5o4z1c27BNH98nHa/s1600/thin_film_polycrystalline_solar_cell.gif" title="Solar Panel Working" /></a>In the last few years, phones are getting smart, Laptops are becoming Tablets and CD Players are becoming iPods. All these changes make us more dependent on electronic devices than ever. Though these devices keep us connected, when the battery runs out they become a liability. That makes battery charging one of the most important needs of today’s world.
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgggTXhR51xKRtJjiXvC12fWj17oAAuxPUWjmPsbgghP09ikM239YgdQhrK9UEbslHgi56LhKLqQRJmFjbfWU7Tka_g4_Q3f01x-zcupuvlY5JXmXOgHMKMX5uiFYAZSu9KkQOdTdtxiqgC/s1600/solar_bag.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Solar Powered Bag" border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgggTXhR51xKRtJjiXvC12fWj17oAAuxPUWjmPsbgghP09ikM239YgdQhrK9UEbslHgi56LhKLqQRJmFjbfWU7Tka_g4_Q3f01x-zcupuvlY5JXmXOgHMKMX5uiFYAZSu9KkQOdTdtxiqgC/s200/solar_bag.jpg" title="Solar Powered Bag" width="175" /></a><span style="background-color: white;">In my post <a href="http://iprojectideas.blogspot.com/2011/12/bicycle-powered-cell-phone-charger.html" target="_blank">mobile charger using a bicycle</a>, I discussed how we can charge our battery while riding on a bike. Today we will discuss Solar-powered Bag which is not only useful and handy but uses green technology too. The solar bag consists of skinny film solar cells and batteries. It contains a flexible monocrystalline solar panel, battery, charge controller, plugs, cords, and light bulbs. It provides users with power up to 120 watt-hours/day, capable of powering electronic equipment rated up to 300 W.</span><br />
<b></b><br />
<a name='more'></a><b style="background-color: white;">What is the Monocrystalline Solar Panel?</b><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCvtuSG7KwecJc1SnX7BPrekCKArRrqP_9caJEUyvikYD0nGND9HREdP0ieIwwlE_xn4wFiWliYg7Xp_DFZOA_ohRt51uA_04652VF8LIwnDaOmacXvgtysXy1pfuu_uQ4cgg9WX5E94eP/s1600/Monocrystalline+silicon.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCvtuSG7KwecJc1SnX7BPrekCKArRrqP_9caJEUyvikYD0nGND9HREdP0ieIwwlE_xn4wFiWliYg7Xp_DFZOA_ohRt51uA_04652VF8LIwnDaOmacXvgtysXy1pfuu_uQ4cgg9WX5E94eP/s1600/Monocrystalline+silicon.png" /></a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocrystalline_solar_cell" target="_blank">Monocrystalline silicon</a> is the base material of the electronics industry. It consists of silicon in which the crystal lattice of the entire solid is continuous, unbroken (with no grain boundaries) to its edges. It can be prepared intrinsic, i.e. made of exceedingly pure silicon alone, or doped, containing very small quantities of other elements added to change in a controlled manner its semiconducting properties.<br />
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<b>How it works?</b><br />
<br />
The solar panels convert sunlight into electricity, which is stored in the batteries and can be used to power portable electronic appliances like mobile phones and mp3 players.<br />
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<b>Advantages:</b><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="background-color: white;">Solar backpacks are light-weight, hence making it easier to carry. </span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">Flexible solar panels also are light and portable, as well as waterproof. </span></li>
<li><span style="background-color: white;">Backpack allows patients to carry medical devices with them.</span></li>
</ul>
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<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/RGFrsdVKFnM" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe><br /></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-21738330449939873372013-08-14T21:10:00.000-07:002020-02-02T23:20:35.652-08:00Solar Energy Projects<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSul3ZNMMHAbm4WRccTto0Q9Yr_w7eO2Y4LAMrzn4InhObO-h9qBJj8qZ-yMjF3dtF5ccwo6uBruOoPKpYbwzJNch1y_4ReeEgeWn7gy5G9cRQEKsdOVIYCocjZ7lEYgjuOJVCCr6WZswg/s1600/solar+energy+projects.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Solar Panels" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSul3ZNMMHAbm4WRccTto0Q9Yr_w7eO2Y4LAMrzn4InhObO-h9qBJj8qZ-yMjF3dtF5ccwo6uBruOoPKpYbwzJNch1y_4ReeEgeWn7gy5G9cRQEKsdOVIYCocjZ7lEYgjuOJVCCr6WZswg/s320/solar+energy+projects.jpg" title="Solar Panels" /> </a></div>
Solar energy is energy from the sun which is widely available in abundance and has many different uses. The energy provided by the sun in 1 hour, if measured; is equivalent to the energy consumed on earth in one whole year. And for this reason, there is ample opportunity to work and use this energy in comparison to any other form. In Solar energy project ideas, we are going to discuss various topics that signify how we can do optimum use of this wonderful source.<br />
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It is radiant light and heat from the sun, has been harnessed by humans since ancient times from drying clothes to generating electricity using a range of ever-evolving technologies.<br />
Though it has many uses, but we often this energy as solar power, which is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP) with the help of lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam.<br />
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<a name='more'></a><b>Solar Powered Motor</b><br />
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This project has a 12V DC water pump, a 12V 7ah battery that was charged by my 6.5-watt solar cell and was able to pump water. This system seems to work really well.<br />
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<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/_Ap3PC9lfPs" width="560"></iframe><br />
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<b>Solar Water Heater</b><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcPVULjL2dHHpCLwb1IUvR2Y8-5TVN_YbOzMlMSnBAf6AAppLoyPdOt_AeE1MyWKI4ehZxIxa7D1OwuTBcbDl8GHvDc1YZuWo_0kE4Bpgv4dvUJYJmzFmK5OoQTbQis3p4BqN3Gyyrbpsz/s1600/solar_water_heater.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Solar Water Heater" border="0" height="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcPVULjL2dHHpCLwb1IUvR2Y8-5TVN_YbOzMlMSnBAf6AAppLoyPdOt_AeE1MyWKI4ehZxIxa7D1OwuTBcbDl8GHvDc1YZuWo_0kE4Bpgv4dvUJYJmzFmK5OoQTbQis3p4BqN3Gyyrbpsz/s200/solar_water_heater.jpg" title="Solar Water Heater" width="200" /></a>We can save a large amount of electricity if we start using a solar water heater at the place of traditional heaters. If we implement it using c<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2011/03/cogeneration-project.html">ogeneration</a>, it would be really effective.</div>
What wiki says about <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_water_heating">Solar Water Heater</a>?<br />
<br />
Related Pdf : <br />
<a href="http://smartenergy.arch.uiuc.edu/pdf/clearinghouse/ParabolicTroughSOlarWaterHeater.pdf">Parabolic Trough Water Heating System </a>( pdf )<br />
<div>
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2011/04/sun-tracker-project.html">Sun Tracker Project</a>: devices that orient various payloads toward the sun.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2012/09/produce-fuel-using-solar-energy.html">Produce Fuel using Sun Energy</a>: harness energy from the sun to produce synthetic gas consist of water, CO<sub>2</sub> and Water.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2012/07/solar-powered-remote-controlled-aircraft.html">Remote Control Plane</a>: Flying Solar RC Plane's Panels, Batteries, and Motors. Working on this project is easy, for experiment purposes, you can purchase electrical aircraft and replace its source of charging from batteries to solar. <br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2012/04/3d-solar-cells.html">3D Solar Cells</a>: New form of cells, that capture nearly all of the light that strikes them. When used in the place of traditional cells, the efficiency of the cell improves considerably.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2012/04/solar-powered-led-lights.html">LED Lights</a>: Light-emitting diodes are very reliable and can work in extreme conditions. When powered by the sun, they can be installed at distant places in minutes.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2010/10/solar-powered-stirling-engine-generator.html">Stirling Engine Generator </a><br />
<br />
<b>Solar Cooker</b><br />
The solar<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cooker"> cooker</a> is a device that uses solar energy to heat and cook our food. It is a very simple device and works on the basic concept of concentration of energy at one point. It takes only 45 minutes to build a simple cooker.<br />
<br />
Why it is important?<br />
Energy plays a vital role in human development and welfare. Solar energy is the cheapest, inexhaustible<br />
and can be used for cooking as well as various other activities.<br />
<br />
Things you will need:<br />
• shoe box<br />
• aluminum foil<br />
• string<br />
• tape<br />
• straws<br />
• manila folder<br />
• marshmallows (white and<br />
chocolate, or other colors)<br />
<br />
How to build a solar oven?<br />
<a href="http://www.usc.edu/org/cosee-west/quikscience/pdfs/global%20warming%20lesson%20plan/Francis_Parker_Solar.pdf">Pizza Box Solar Cooker </a>(pdf)<br />
Design, Development, and Testing of Paraboloidal Solar Cooker<br />
<a href="http://www.as.utexas.edu/mcdonald/scope/poster/cooker.pdf">Build Reflective solar cooker</a>(pdf file)<br />
<br />
Solar Powered Mobile Charger<br />
<br />
<b>Solar Toy Car</b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLDX3gnoDcZ3tu1L_7rERqQfGuEK41SeISTBrv9-SB64n7jUqyFeUqgT5Brd7ica8QiocEhcupmFpdXaTXafN5UuhDdwIVWylcjoS18omPWFM0O31w78Iic1Cw5Ior1U67RMSd6AwYH-Mv/s1600/solar+car.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Solar Toy Car" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLDX3gnoDcZ3tu1L_7rERqQfGuEK41SeISTBrv9-SB64n7jUqyFeUqgT5Brd7ica8QiocEhcupmFpdXaTXafN5UuhDdwIVWylcjoS18omPWFM0O31w78Iic1Cw5Ior1U67RMSd6AwYH-Mv/s320/solar+car.jpg" title="Solar Toy Car" /></a></div>
<br />
A solar vehicle is an electric vehicle powered completely or significantly by direct solar energy. Usually, photovoltaic (PV) cells contained in solar panels convert the sun's energy directly into electric energy. The term "solar vehicle" usually implies that solar energy is used to power all or part of a vehicle's propulsion. Solar power may be also used to provide power for communications or controls or other auxiliary functions.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_car">What is a Solar Car ?</a>
<br />
<a href="http://auto.howstuffworks.com/fuel-efficiency/vehicles/solar-cars.htm">How can solar panels power a car?</a><br />
<br />
<b>How Solar Car Works?</b><br />
<b><br /></b>The solar car works on a very simple concept. It has solar panels on its top, which charge the battery attached to it via a wire. This battery is connected with a small DC motor installed in the chassis of the car. This motor is connected to the wheels of the car via gears. In simple words, it is basic Remote control cars with the only difference is that its battery gets charged via solar panels instead of traditional sources.
<br />
<br />
How to Make a Solar Powered Toy Car(Video) :<br />
<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/BxJDB44WnVI" width="420"></iframe>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2010/05/solar-powered-refrigerator.html">Solar Powered Refrigerator </a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2010/05/solar-chimney.html">Solar Chimney</a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.solarbotics.net/library/circuits/se.html">Beam Circuit Solar Engines</a><br />
<br />
Solar Powered Bird Scarer<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2012/05/solar-powered-steam-engine.html">The steam engine powered by sunlight</a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2012/05/solar-turbine-generator.html">Solar Turbine generator</a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2011/02/solar-powered-path-finding-vehicle.html">Solar Powered Path Finding vehicle</a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2010/10/solar-powered-stirling-engine-generator.html">Solar Powered Generator </a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2012/05/solar-powered-bicycle.html">Solar Powered Bicycle</a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2012/06/solar-powered-bag.html" target="_blank">Sun Powered Bag </a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2011/02/solar-insect-robots.html">Solar Insect Robot </a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2012/09/solar-powered-automatic-rain-operated.html" target="_blank">Solar-powered automatic rain operated wiper</a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2011/04/solar-powered-air-conditoner.html">Air Conditioner </a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2012/05/solar-powered-water-pumps.html">Water Pumps</a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2013/04/solar-powered-boats.html">Solar Powered Boat </a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2012/06/solar-powered-water-purification-system.html" target="_blank">Water Purification System</a>: Filter water anywhere, at the place of camping or in a village where electricity is not available easily.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2013/04/carbon-solar-cells.html" target="_blank">Carbon Solar Cells</a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/2013/04/nanowires-new-innovation-in-solar-energy.html" target="_blank">Nanowires</a>: New Innovation in solar energy<br />
<br />
As a kid, I have made a solar system in my science fair school competition. Though I did not win but got a good understanding of satellites, planets, and sun.<br />
<br />
<b>Other Webpages: </b><br />
<br />
<a href="http://solarcar.stanford.edu/">Stanford Solar Car Projects </a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www-personal.umich.edu/~bgoodsel/solar/blog.htm">Bob Solar Project Blogs</a><br />
<br /></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-42969838078074323752013-08-14T08:33:00.000-07:002013-10-01T12:28:11.072-07:00Creative Projects<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
1.<a href="http://www.nitaleland.com/project/triad.htm">Painting with three colors : Art tips by Nita Leland</a><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
<b>2.You can write your autobiography :</b><br />
<br />
Writing Autobiography is one of the best things in the world. It lets us know about ourselves, and we get to know both positives and negatives of our life, who are our true friends and who are not! Sometime in our hectic life, we forget about many important parts and beings related of our lives and this project will help you in doing the same.<br />
<br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
How to start?<br />
Writing Biography is not an easy task, even if it's your own. So, start working towards it as soon as you finish reading this post.<br />
To write your biography, you will need help from lot of people and this is a best part of it as you discuss about your life with others and get their point of view.<br />
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li>You need to do discussions with your family, friends and even enemies </li>
<li>Carry pencil and paper during these discussions. </li>
<li>Ask as many questions as you can and without getting offended with their replies.</li>
<li>Don't try to edit negatives and things you don't like.(This will help you in long term)</li>
<li>Arrange all the text chronologically and do write them in your textbook according to your convenience.</li>
<li>Read each conversation twice or more, and find a way and right words to write it interesting.</li>
<li>Write it in language you are comfortable in.</li>
</ol>
<b>3.Prepare a poster report on some decade for eg 90's .</b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
<b>4.You can redecorate your room :</b> <br />
<br />
It will not only give you satisfaction, but also some freshness in your life. Before doing anything, you need to start with easiest task first, it will stimulate you for bigger task ahead.<br />
<br />
Steps for Redecorating:<br />
<br />
1. Take paper and write about changes you want to do with your room.<br />
2. Before shifting anything, do care about your comfort, whether it will increase or not.<br />
3. Arrange room in a way, by which you can save your time; for ex. if you like reading books on bed,make necessary arrangements, so you can grab your books right from your bed.<br />
4. Redecorating needs time, try to do it on Saturday evening, where you will get Sunday as an extra day.You can either finish your job or if you will have finished it already, you will get a time for rest.<br />
<br />
<b>5.Prepare greeting cards for different occasions</b><br />
<br />
Yes, you can purchase them but still handmade card is more precious gift for its receiver than any card purchased.<br />
<br />
As you know, making cards requires creativity and various items, you should not wait for the occasion to start. Whenever you get time , make one or two of them for different occasions and give them to your loving one's when occasion arrives.<br />
<br />
Starting early has added benefit of getting enough time to purchase things required for card making such as gum, sheets, colors etc.<br />
<br />
<b>6.Project about World War 2</b><br />
<br />
World War 2 is one of the most important event of our history and it still affects our lives in one or other way. You can write about reasons, and long term effects of this war. You should try to find answers of questions such as How it changed the dynamics of world politics? What was the reasons behind it? Was it possible to stop it from happening?<br />
<br />
<b>7.Write about world most influential and important leaders</b><br />
<br /></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-74956208702451848692013-08-06T07:51:00.000-07:002020-02-02T23:22:31.803-08:00Final Year Computer Science Projects<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9CUDDNVQ2CQf7gseaI82bN34pltRGSjF8biU2Z4iIVhpmqQvZUAjUT169F8OI8uXwlwN7Dj_oq3bjIhZhQQF3OjGTfv6KAAyxoPo0TNnLgudiy8vKoE7IbHR4ioj16c2uslEtXijm-oLs/s1600/final_year_computer_projects.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Final Year Computer Science Projects" border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9CUDDNVQ2CQf7gseaI82bN34pltRGSjF8biU2Z4iIVhpmqQvZUAjUT169F8OI8uXwlwN7Dj_oq3bjIhZhQQF3OjGTfv6KAAyxoPo0TNnLgudiy8vKoE7IbHR4ioj16c2uslEtXijm-oLs/s200/final_year_computer_projects.png" title="Final Year Computer Science Projects" width="135" /></a><br />
CSE is the engineering branch which includes both software and hardware in its curriculum. I am writing this article to help you in finding your final year project. As a discipline, computer science has a range of topics from data structure and algorithms to writing applications for the latest mobiles and desktop computers. The latest projects include Bio-metric Systems, Mobile Apps, Websites Applications and E-Commerce. As we can do a lot of things, sometimes it becomes difficult to select one idea which not only helps us in learning new stuff but good enough for our final year major project. Though I have tried to share as many ideas as possible as you know, it is difficult to cover all the topics on a single page. For that reason I have written many sub-articles based on CS such as <a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/09/php-projects.html">PHP</a>, <a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/09/java-projects.html">Java</a>, <a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/09/vb-projects.html">VB</a>, etc. and their links are available at the bottom of the post and in the right sidebar. I hope you will find them useful.<br />
<br />
Attendance Management: Using this software you can maintain the attendance of the employees. Moreover, it can generate monthly and daily reports of their attendance and salary slips.<br />
<a name='more'></a>GEMINI: Generic Monitoring Infrastructure for Grid computing and Applications<br />
<br />
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_computing">What is Grid Computing? </a><br />
<br />
District collect orate office information integration<br />
<a href="http://rohitbaby-ibmproject.blogspot.com/2008_07_01_archive.html">Details</a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.iprojectideas.com/?q=node/1001">Jquery Simple Income Tax Calculator </a><br />
<br />
Automation of ticket booking for performances(ASP.net)<br />
<br />
Automation of Stock market operations<br />
<a href="http://www.a1vbcode.com/app-2792.asp" rel="nofollow">Stock Market Application </a><br />
<br />
IR Based video streaming on mobile phones<br />
<a href="http://mvstreaming.com/mobile-streaming-project/" rel="nofollow">More Info</a><br />
<a href="http://www.codeproject.com/KB/mobile/TNVideoStreaming.aspx" rel="nofollow">Source Code of video Streaming in Pocket PC</a><br />
<br />
Security using IP camera<br />
<a href="http://www.codeproject.com/KB/audio-video/cameraviewer.aspx" rel="nofollow">Video Surveillance using C#</a><br />
<a href="http://www.articlesbase.com/computers-articles/using-an-ip-network-camera-to-monitor-your-home-538495.html" rel="nofollow">Read More</a><br />
<br />
Pervasive Computing<br />
<a href="http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/P/pervasive_computing.html">What is pervasive Computing</a><br />
<a href="http://www.clip.dia.fi.upm.es/Projects/ASAP/" rel="nofollow">Read More</a><br />
<br />
Online recruitment(ORS)<br />
<br />
Embedded web server for remote access<br />
<a href="http://www.freertos.org/webservedemo.html">Free embedded Ethernet</a><br />
<a href="http://www.codeproject.com/KB/IP/webio.aspx" rel="nofollow">CodeProject Embedded Server</a><br />
<br />
Online on-request courses coordination (ORS)<br />
<br />
College management software<br />
<br />
Help Desk (OHD) for the facilities in the campus<br />
<br />
Development of a microcontroller module for a mobile feed dispenser<br />
<br />
Call Center Management<br />
<br />
8085 Simulator<br />
<br />
2D and 3D Games<br />
<br />
Campaign Information System<br />
<br />
Pocket Dictionary<br />
<br />
Voice over IP<br />
<br />
File Transfer using PSTN<br />
<br />
Security using IP Camera<br />
<br />
Virtual Router<br />
<br />
Auto- summarize tool<br />
<a href="http://www.cise.ufl.edu/~clawande/files/beproj.pdf">Download Report of this Project (</a> Pdf) <- Right-click and save target as or save link as<br />
<br />
SMS Games<br />
<br />
SMS based Juke Box<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/01/mobile-ticket-reservation-system.html">SMS ticket Reservation</a> <br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.handyarchive.com/free/sms-source-code/">Sms Source Code Website</a><br />
<br />
Universal Remote using IR on Pocket PC<br />
<br />
Canteen Automation<br />
<a href="http://ecanteen.sourceforge.net/">Download</a><br />
<br />
Library Management(LMS)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.a1vbcode.com/app-1232.asp" rel="nofollow">Electricity Billing - Visual Basic, VB.NET</a><br />
<a href="http://www.a1vbcode.com/app-4356.asp" rel="nofollow">Medical Billing - Visual Basic, VB.NET</a> <br />
<a href="http://www.a1vbcode.com/app-3816.asp" rel="nofollow">SMART BILLING 1.0 - Visual Basic, VB.NET</a><br />
<a href="http://www.a1vbcode.com/app-4413.asp">Card Billing - Visual Basic, VB.NET</a><br />
<a href="http://www.a1vbcode.com/app-3508.asp">Billing and Customer Account Maintenance - Visual Basic, VB.NET</a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/06/development-of-software-defined-radio.html">Software Defined Radio</a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/09/quiz-projects.html">Quiz Application </a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/07/discussion-forums.html">Discussion Forums </a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/opentaxsolver/">Income tax Calculator </a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/09/digital-audio-processing.html">Digital Audio Processing </a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/03/spam-filter-for-search-engines.html">Spam filter for Search Engine </a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.iprojectideas.com/?q=node/134">Hostel Management</a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://iprojectideas.com/?q=node/116">Hospital Management</a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/08/personal-finance-management-system.html" target="_blank">Personal Finance Management System</a><br />
<br />
Online Auctioning Shop for a campus/organization <br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/04/online-auction-site-in-php.html">Download</a><br />
<br />
Network Print Spooler<br />
<a href="http://www.codeproject.com/KB/printing/ReadDataUsingPJL.aspx">Download</a> <br />
<br />
HTTP Caching Proxy Server<br />
<br />
Vehicle Access Control<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/07/intelligent-car-transportation-system.html">Intelligent car transportation</a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/01/leave-management-system.html">Online leave management</a><br />
<br />
Online Library management ( <a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2009/09/library-management-systems.html">Download</a> )<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/12/inventory-management-systems.html">Online Sales and Inventory management</a><br />
<br />
Employee Transfer Application <br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/12/resume-builder-computer-project.html">Feature-rich, Resume Builder Application</a><br />
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=5348140348254160441&postID=7495620870245184869"><br />
</a><a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/01/internet-banking-system.html">Safe and secure Internet banking</a><br />
<br />
Online internet knowledge management for the college (KMS).<br />
<br />
Online application for the Training and Placement Dept. of the college<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/03/sixth-sense-technology-of-pranav-mistry.html">Sixth Sense Technology of Pranav Mistry</a><br />
<br />
Repository and Search Engine for Alumni of College (RASE)<br />
<br />
Split-screen application for the data entry of the shipments. <br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/12/post-office-system.html">e-Post Office</a><br />
<br />
Lost Articles and Letters Reconciliation<br />
<br />
Student Project Allocation management with online Testing (SPM)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/01/online-test-system.html">Practical online Testing</a> (OTS).<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/12/resource-management-system.html">Resource management</a> (RMS)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/09/online-movie-ticket-reservation-system.html">Online Ticket reservation system for Cinema halls</a>.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/12/time-table-related-projects.html">Time table generation system for a college</a>.<br />
<br />
User friendly ,feature-rich, practical Appraisal Tracker<br />
<br />
Development of Effort Tracker<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/01/real-estate-application-softwares.html">Feature-rich, practical “Web Enabled Estate Agent”</a> <br />
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=5348140348254160441&postID=7495620870245184869"><br />
</a><a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/02/mail-client-projects.html">Web-Based Mail Client</a> <br />
<br />
Workflow-based Complaint management (where the complaints are received through emails)<br />
<br />
Application for receiving orders for printing digital photographs<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/01/purchase-order-system.html">workflow based purchase request approval</a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/12/defect-tracking-system.html">Defect Tracking System</a> (DTS)<br />
<br />
Product Master maintenance<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/01/recipe-management-system.html">Recipe management</a><br />
<br />
Employee Separation System (E-Separation)<br />
<br />
Miles Acquisition System (MAS)<br />
<br />
Network packet sniffer<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/01/meeting-scheduler-system.html">Web-Based Meeting Scheduler</a><br />
<br />
Employee Cubicle management<br />
<br />
Web-based Stationery management<br />
<br />
Online Course Portal for a campus <br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/01/online-polling-system.html">Online Polling System</a><br />
<br />
Design and development of Point Of Sale [ POS ]<br />
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Design and development of Speed Cash System [ SCS ]<br />
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<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/01/online-survey-tool.html">practical online Survey Tool</a> (OST)<br />
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<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/02/search-engine-projects.html">Web/Email based Search Engine</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/01/human-resource-management-system.html">Human Resource Management System </a><br />
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<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/08/optical-character-recognition.html">Optical Character Recognition </a><br />
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<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/04/online-auction-site-in-php.html">Online Auction System</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/01/recruitment-systems.html">Web-based Recruitment Process for the HR group for a company</a> <br />
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<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/01/online-learning-system.html">Online Learning System</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/07/metasearch-engine.html">MetaSearch Engine </a><br />
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<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/03/online-health-monitoring-system.html">Online Health Monitoring</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/06/meeting-room-booking-system.html" target="_blank">Meeting Room Booking System</a><br />
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<a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/atutor/">A Tutor</a>: is an Open Source Web-based Learning Management(LMS), designed with accessibility and adaptability in mind.<br />
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<a href="https://mentor.ieee.org/802.15/dcn/08/15-08-0171-00-0vlc-10mbps-visible-light-transmission-system.pdf">Lifi </a>: It is similar to wifi but twice as faster. For example, WIFI has a speed of 54 Mb/s it has around 100 Mb/s speed. It uses light to transmit data. It has LED which transmits digital data as 0 (light switch off) or 1(light on).<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/06/knowledge-sharing-system.html" target="_blank">Knowledge sharing system</a><br />
<br />
<b>Related Posts :</b><br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/08/computer-science-project-ideas.html">Computer Science Engineering Projects(CSE )</a><br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/01/it-projects-for-students.html">IT Projects</a><br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/09/java-projects.html">Java</a><br />
<div closure_uid_v6x441="162">
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/03/python-projects.html">Python</a><br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/09/php-projects.html">Php</a></div>
<div closure_uid_v6x441="162">
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/08/iphone-application-ideas.html">iPhone Applications</a></div>
<div closure_uid_v6x441="163">
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/09/c-project-ideas.html">C++ </a><br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/09/vb-projects.html">VB </a></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com46tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-37314312640528447982013-08-06T07:49:00.000-07:002020-02-02T23:28:56.447-08:00Mechanical engineering Project Ideas<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
In the field of mechanical engineering, we have a vast range of topics to select from. At present, companies and governments are dealing with two issues. First, is about global warming and the other is about competition.<br />
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For both these issues, mechanical engineers can contribute a lot. For example, to improve the competitiveness of the organization, you can build automation tools or robots which can help the company to improve its efficiency and similarly for global warming, you can bring some news ideas to either save energy or generate it without doing harm to nature.<br />
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The biggest positive about these is that solutions to both these issues are going to come from mechanical. This is the reason, I always recommend students to select topics which are related to either robotics or renewable energy.<br />
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I myself tried to find all the latest topics from around the world and write about them to give you some more insight into what's happening around.<br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="color: #ff6600;">Robotics </span></span><br />
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Robotics Projects
Robotics would be a good choice in mechanical projects: Robots are very attractive in comparison to other projects and if everything goes well they will make you win.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYyCyFGm_E1galk1wzq_YtXlA8x54yBOOpDkYECD8IBK1SqewRM1dmjH3jl7pSypy_ytmtD3qlCemwqu8b29Zt686tuOeymbQ1FPddPr21CcfP4Xm1byY8SmVsc6oxX2AKRSq5QMGWWbLi/s1600/robotics.gif.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Mechanical Projects related to Robotics" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYyCyFGm_E1galk1wzq_YtXlA8x54yBOOpDkYECD8IBK1SqewRM1dmjH3jl7pSypy_ytmtD3qlCemwqu8b29Zt686tuOeymbQ1FPddPr21CcfP4Xm1byY8SmVsc6oxX2AKRSq5QMGWWbLi/s1600/robotics.gif.png" title="Robotics Ideas" /></a></div>
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Though I have written a separate post about robotics <a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/05/robotics-projects-for-engineering.html">here</a> as a starting point I would like to share all important links in this section. Using given links you can enhance your knowledge before building your own machines.<br />
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<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><a href="http://www.societyofrobots.com/" rel="nofollow">How to Build a Robot</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~kuipers/slides/L2-basics.pdf">Its Basics</a>(<a href="http://get.adobe.com/reader/" rel="nofollow">pdf</a>)</li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/08/computer-controlled-rc-cars-videos.html">Computer Controlled RC Car</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/07/robotic-spider.html">Robotic Spider</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/02/solar-insect-robots.html">Solar Insect Robot</a>: It is powered by solar. It will help you in understanding the concepts of both Robotics and Solar Energy.</li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/03/fire-fighting-robot.html">Fire Fighting machine</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/03/cleaning-robots.html">Cleaning Robots</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/04/line-follower-robot.html">Line Follower Robot</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/03/autonomous-agile-aerial-robots.html">Autonomous Agile flying machines</a></li>
</ul>
<a name='more'></a><span style="color: #ff6600; font-weight: bold;">Solar Energy Projects </span><br />
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Topics based on solar energy is one of my favorite in mechanical engineering because despite its easy to understand working and concept, work based on this energy is very useful and effective for our future energy needs.<br />
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Concept: Generally they work on this concept:<br />
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Solar Energy --> Solar Panel --> Electricity --> Machine(Grinder, Juicer, Mobile Charger, Bag, etc.) or Storage(Battery)<br />
Solar Energy--> Heat--> Cooking, Boiling, Water Filter, etc.<br />
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The important thing to consider in your assignment is that how you can improve its efficiency either for boiling purposes or for heating. For eg. Recently discussed Spherical cell concentrate more sunlight at one place and therefore generates more power similarly scientist have found out that nano solar cells are more flexible and more efficient than any other cell available.<br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">Solar Compressor</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: magenta;">:</span><br />
You can build something which gets its power from Sun Energy. For e.g., power your AC of a small room using a compressor that gets its power from panels.Such as <a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/04/solar-powered-air-conditoner.html">Solar Powered Air Conditioner</a><br />
In <a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/04/solar-powered-air-conditoner.html">this example</a>, it is a small room. Half-ton capacity will be sufficient. You will need at least kWh/24 hours. This may require 10 to 12 square meter panel plus battery and inverter.<br />
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.solarpowerappliances.com/Solar_Power_Air_Compressors.html">Solar Power Air Compressor</a></li>
<li><a href="http://green.savvy-cafe.com/solar-power-air-compressor-useful-in-many-applications-2007-11-03/">Uses of Solar Power Air Compressor</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/01/solar-water-heater.html">Solar Water Heater</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/01/solar-energy-projects.html">Solar Energy</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/08/greenhouse-project-videos.html">Green House Video</a></li>
<li><a href="http://watcar.uwaterloo.ca/pdf/Home_Based_Energy.pdf">Home-based energy ppt in pdf format</a>(239 kb file)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.backwoodshome.com/articles2/yago91.html">Build your own Solar Powered Water Pumping Station</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.builditsolar.com/Projects/WaterPumping/UTESolarStockWateringpb1640.pdf">Sun Powered Live Stock Watering System</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.discovercircuits.com/DJ-Circuits/12vdnswitch.htm">Solar Powered Automatic headlight Dim/Bright Controller</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2013/04/solar-powered-boats.html">Solar Powered Boat</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/solar-powered-steam-engine.html">Solar Powered Steam Engine</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/solar-turbine-generator.html">Sun energy turbine Generator</a>: How we can use a solar-powered steam engine to generate electricity.</li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/solar-powered-water-pumps.html">Solar Powered Water Pumps</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/solar-powered-bicycle.html">Solar Powered Bicycle</a>: Power your electrical cycle using solar energy</li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/06/solar-powered-bag.html" target="_blank">Sun Powered Bag</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/06/solar-powered-water-purification-system.html" target="_blank">Solar Powered Water Purification System</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/07/solar-powered-remote-controlled-aircraft.html" target="_blank">Solar Powered Remote Control Aircraft</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/09/solar-powered-automatic-rain-operated.html" target="_blank">Solar Powered Rain operated Wiper</a> </li>
</ul>
<b>Books on Solar Energy (pdf): </b><br />
<a href="http://www.need.org/needpdf/infobook_activities/SecInfo/SolarS.pdf">Solar</a><br />
<a href="http://www.need.org/needpdf/infobook_activities/ElemInfo/SolarE.pdf">Solar2</a><br />
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<span style="color: #ff6600; font-weight: bold;">Hovercraft</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjt-4VGX8od_BoYBU8nAcMGzhutLAPohpAv9XdJU45WIVsxUPpZK1ggTepGUfrOqYJbuQSE_9NQJ6auBS2adajz8QQLZZTiaq7otbOpFKJyiOwWyRPcRTptBli8m7ERYW5_I4gkfT_nO-at/s1600/hovercraft.gif.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hovercraft Project" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjt-4VGX8od_BoYBU8nAcMGzhutLAPohpAv9XdJU45WIVsxUPpZK1ggTepGUfrOqYJbuQSE_9NQJ6auBS2adajz8QQLZZTiaq7otbOpFKJyiOwWyRPcRTptBli8m7ERYW5_I4gkfT_nO-at/s1600/hovercraft.gif.png" title="Hovercraft Project" /></a></div>
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Hovercraft definition by wiki: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hovercraft">click here</a><br />
It would be awesome if you design a hovercar using tools of your house.<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/08/hovercraft-project.html"><br />How to Build my own Hovercraft?</a><br />
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<span style="color: #ff6600; font-weight: bold;">Engines </span><br />
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<b>Stirling Engine :</b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfuBH8JQqtgKJNF1_HDvxpC8pxmpGAFdU79DDJOfcEJqoXdTO7ca86raJEfH577LW_ZCSL8B0Fz1m7OvT1gkdkHdFDiXIF5kcacJ7BblZLAYIhDyDsuPvxZPOFOEWnSraDuPPhhRS-tu7N/s1600/Stirling_Engine.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Mechanical engineering Stirling Engine Projects" border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfuBH8JQqtgKJNF1_HDvxpC8pxmpGAFdU79DDJOfcEJqoXdTO7ca86raJEfH577LW_ZCSL8B0Fz1m7OvT1gkdkHdFDiXIF5kcacJ7BblZLAYIhDyDsuPvxZPOFOEWnSraDuPPhhRS-tu7N/s200/Stirling_Engine.jpg" title="Mechanical engineering Stirling Engine Projects" width="200" /></a></div>
<b><br /></b>
<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/08/stirling-engine-project.html">Video and Complete Explanation of Stirling Engine</a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/stirling-engine-mini-rc-car.html">Stirling Engine Mini RC Car</a>: We had discussed both Stirling Engine and Remote control cars in two separate posts. In this post, we will combine these two technologies.<br />
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<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/10/solar-powered-stirling-engine-generator.html">Sun Powered Stirling Engine Generator</a>:<br />
<span style="color: #ff6600; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #ff6600; font-weight: bold;">Windmill Projects:</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtXHaCiAiuWXvQES1J04lKGrzgpJ9jw6CdyfV3ShOc5sSRUTakN0bmNLi1Gl5edQDmXezezUa6MsKTFjEkWlquVny7IKQw9WkB8szZkPkOy9NYFjV1e7GM8sURBdXOS5Skh8fVbONtUBkn/s320/windmill+isometric+drawing.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Concept Diagram of Windmill" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtXHaCiAiuWXvQES1J04lKGrzgpJ9jw6CdyfV3ShOc5sSRUTakN0bmNLi1Gl5edQDmXezezUa6MsKTFjEkWlquVny7IKQw9WkB8szZkPkOy9NYFjV1e7GM8sURBdXOS5Skh8fVbONtUBkn/s320/windmill+isometric+drawing.jpg" title="Concept Diagram of Windmill" /></a></div>
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We all know how we can generate electricity using windmills with the help of its revolution energy and turbines. I have tried to list out some other important stuff we can do using this energy. Though I have written independent articles only on windmill projects but the sky is the limit for what you can do with this energy. In my opinion, if anything which can produce rotational energy instantly is wind energy and mini projects can be built and tested using a small room fan. With all these benefits, I will recommend you to give it a chance. In any mechanical projects science fair competition, you can give a demonstration using the fan.<br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">Wind Mill Water Pump :</span><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/wind-mill-water-pump.html">How to build a windmill pump?</a><br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">Related links :</span><br />
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<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/02/wind-mill-power-generation-system.html">Wind Mill Power Generation System</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/01/power-generation-using-wind-turbine.html">Wind turbine kites</a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/wind-powered-drip-irrigation-system.html">Wind-Powered Drip Irrigation System</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/wind-mill-water-pump.html">Wind Mill Pump</a><br />
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<span style="color: #ff6600; font-weight: bold;">Remote Control Cars</span><br />
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</div>
<a href="http://www.osd.rutgers.edu/gs/07papers/rcc.pdf">Building Fast Remote Control Cars</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/08/computer-controlled-rc-cars-videos.html">RC Control Computer Cars</a><br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;">Related links :</span><br />
<a href="http://instruct1.cit.cornell.edu/courses/ee476/FinalProjects/s2004/cml45/webpage/index.html">Demolition RC Car</a><br />
<a href="http://www.osd.rutgers.edu/gs/07papers/rcc.pdf" rel="nofollow">RCC</a><br />
<a href="http://engineering.sfsu.edu/current_students/achievements/pdfs/alternative_energy.pdf">Hydrogen cell operated remote control car</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/03/computer-controlled-wireless-robot.html">Computer-controlled car</a><br />
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<b><span style="color: #ff6600;">Projects based on trains</span></b><br />
<div>
<b>Steam engines </b><br />
These engines are powered by steam and building them will help you to understand the concept and working of steam engines. Almost all mechanical engineers study about them in their introductory class of engines itself. Though steam engines are the most ancient engines, it is still one of the most widely used engines. Thermal power plants are one of such use. Nowadays, due to the problem of global warming, we should find a way to produce steam using renewable sources of energy.A couple of renewable steam engines, I discussed on this blog are <a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/solar-powered-steam-engine.html">Solar Powered steam engine</a> and <a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/solar-turbine-generator.html">Solar Turbine Generator</a>.</div>
<div>
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The most exciting thing about this engine is that we can still view its most raw form as a steam engine powered trains.<br />
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<div>
<b>Related:</b></div>
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/11/homemade-steam-engine.html">Homemade Steam Engine</a><br />
The steam<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/04/steam-engine-powered-bicycle.html"> engine powered bicycle</a><br />
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These engines are powered by steam and will help you to understand the concepts behind steam engines :
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/08/maglev-train-project.html">Maglev Trains</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/07/propeller-monorail.html">Propeller Monorail</a><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #ff6600; font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.73px; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #ff6600; font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.73px; font-weight: bold;">More :</span><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/04/3d-solar-cells.html">3D Solar Cells</a>: Very Effective Design of a solar cell. Used to enhance the efficiency of Solar Cell Significantly.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/04/hydraulic-car-lift.html">Hydraulic Car Lift</a>: Its Details with fluid and how we can use it to lift the car.<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/03/power-generation-using-foot-steps.html">Power Generation using Footsteps</a>: Piezoelectric techniques used to convert the energy of our footsteps in electricity.<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/04/stair-climbing-hand-cart.html">Stair climbing Hand Cart</a>: Handcart which would help you carry heavy materials upstairs.<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/04/car-monitoring-system.html">Car Monitoring System</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/04/highway-wind-turbines.html">Highway Wind Turbines</a>: Simple demonstration of how to use wind turbines at the divider of the road to generate electricity.<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/04/power-generation-using-railway-track.html">Power generation using Railway Tracks:</a> See how we can use a Variable capacitor for generating electricity. If implemented as expected, this is going to the revolution in the field of renewable energy.<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/stirling-engine-mini-rc-car.html">Stirling Engine Mini RC Car</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/nitro-powered-mini-rc-car.html">Nitro Cars</a>: Cars powered by methane and nitromethane.<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/fruit-picking-robots.html">Fruit Picking Robot:</a> Picking fruit from the garden is always a difficult task. Can you imagine how much easier it would become if Machines start to do this job for us? If yes, then this post will help you understand its parts and mechanism.<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/soccer-playing-mini-robots.html">Soccer Playing Mini robot</a>s: I have seen robots football championship of machines in many science fairs organized in colleges around the world where mechanical engineering graduates participate with their amazing machines.Though this is an old topic I still consider it sharing to bring it in your notice.<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/09/produce-fuel-using-solar-energy.html" target="_blank">Produce fuel using sunlight</a>: Produce synthetic gas using CO2, oxygen, and water.<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/06/pedal-powered-water-filter.html" target="_blank">Pedal Powered Water Filter:</a> Filter water throughout the year, day or noon using the simple concept of evaporation and condensation.<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/08/pedal-powered-juicer-grinder.html" target="_blank">Pedal Powered Juicer Grinder</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/06/light-weight-floating-wind-turbine.html" target="_blank">Light Weight Floating Wind Turbine</a>: Whenever we think about the wind turbines, the first picture comes to our mind is of big farmland with a large turbine. Light Weight turbine is completely opposite of that and not only that, it floats on water too.<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/bio-gas-powered-water-heater.html">Biogas Powered Water Heater </a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/12/bicycle-powered-cell-phone-charger.html">Bicycle Powered Cell Phone Charger:</a> Have you thought about charging your cell phone using your cycle. This idea would discuss all that.<br />
The steam<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/04/steam-engine-powered-bicycle.html"> engine powered Bicycle:</a> Whenever we thought about steam engines, the first thought comes to our mind is a train engine, but have you ever thought of steam engine powered by cycle?<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/mechanical-sprayer.html">Mechanical Sprayer</a>: Spray pesticides using human energy instead of fossil fuel or electricity.<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/05/mechanical-creeper-for-disable-person.html">Mechanical Creeper for Disable Person</a>: This idea is one of my favorites because we never think of difficulties faced by differently-abled people while working below the cars. This project will help understand his or her situation effectively.<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/09/waste-management-machine.html">Waste Management Machine</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/07/water-fuel-power-generation-system.html" target="_blank">Water Powered Generator</a><br />
Air Exchanger Ventilation System<br />
Fuzzy logic approach for Traffic signals control of an isolated intersection( Report in <a href="http://bib.irb.hr/datoteka/230701.Antunovic-Glavas_FuzzyLogicApproach_01a.pdf">PDF</a>)<br />
Synchromesh gear<br />
<br />
<b>Latest Projects:</b><br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgw6wxQH-gvlIhv8mh0VT7yvbj__W5nN2Ws5OZ57ONCgiSqKFbx-Cr-HrvNQGJCT_Z5CLMWh2MxD4KX1r4axxGSq-T3ERWVqCM9MbXzc9BSU2bQc57TloAFoyRBXYmeradkMIzJrk0y44Em/s1600/amity_car.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Formula One Racing Car" border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgw6wxQH-gvlIhv8mh0VT7yvbj__W5nN2Ws5OZ57ONCgiSqKFbx-Cr-HrvNQGJCT_Z5CLMWh2MxD4KX1r4axxGSq-T3ERWVqCM9MbXzc9BSU2bQc57TloAFoyRBXYmeradkMIzJrk0y44Em/s1600/amity_car.jpg" title="Formula one Racing Car" width="200" /></a><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Formula One Racing Car:</b> Students of Amity University, Noida manufactured a car which can make anyone proud. It weighs around 340 kg including driver and its top speed is 105km/hr. <a href="http://amity.edu/events/eventdetails.asp?id=2256">More Info</a></div>
<br />
<b>Protective Gloves: </b>Another topic which I have seen recently is electric gloves which can be used by girls for their protection. They are easy to wear and protect the wearer by giving an electric shock.<br />
<br />
<span style="color: #ff6600; font-weight: bold;">More :</span><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2009/09/cad-project-ideas.html">CAD Project Ideas</a> & <a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/06/catia-projects.html">Catia </a> (Design Engineers Topics)<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/04/thermal-engineering-projects.html">Thermal Engineering Projects</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/06/hydropower-projects.html">HydroPower Topics </a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/06/aeronautical-engineering-projects.html">Aeronautical Projects </a><br />
Design and Development of Smoke flow Visualization system<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/11/tricycle-powered-by-pedals-and.html">Tricycle powered by pedal and electricity </a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/06/design-fabrication-submarine-model.html">Design and fabrication of Sub Marine </a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/05/generate-electricity-from-dance-floor.html">Generate Electricity from Dance Floor</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/06/human-power-harvesting.html">Human Power Harvesting</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/10/hydraulic-regenerative-braking-system.html" target="_blank">Hydraulic Regenerative Braking System</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/09/mini-bio-fuel-gas-turbine.html">Mini Bio-Gas Fuel Turbine</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/03/power-generation-using-foot-steps.html">Power generation using footsteps</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/03/mini-homemade-wood-lathe-machine.html">mini homemade wood lathe machine</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/07/perpetual-motion-machine.html">Perpetual Motion Machine </a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/05/pedal-powered-refrigerator.html">Pedal-powered refrigerator</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/09/jaipur-leg-improvements.html">Jaipur Foot</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/09/automatic-parallel-parking-cars.html">Automatic Car Parking </a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/01/build-self-balancing-bicycle-and-uni.html">Self Balancing Cycles and Unicycles</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/09/internal-combustion-engine-project.html">IE Engine</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2013/07/electronic-fuel-injection.html">Electronic Fuel Injection</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/10/study-of-cooling-tower.html">Study of Cooling Tower</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/03/compressed-air-cars.html">Air Compressed Cars </a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/03/air-powered-bike.html">Air Bike </a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/10/mini-scooter.html">Mini Scooter </a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/05/hydrogen-powered-vehicle.html">Hydrogen-Powered Vehicle</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/10/escalator-compatible-wheel-chair.html">Escalator Compatible Wheel Chair</a><br />
<a href="http://www.thefuelenergizer.com/">Fuel Energizer</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/06/automobile-engineering-project-ideas.html">Automobiles Engineering Projects</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/04/rc-helicopter.html">RC Helicopter</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2013/04/carbon-solar-cells.html">Carbon Solar Cells</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/03/autonomous-agile-aerial-robots.html">Autonomous aerial vehicle</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/02/build-electric-two-wheeler-bike.html">Build Electric Two-Wheeler Bike</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2012/03/bio-gas-powered-vehicle.html">Biogas Powered Vehicle</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/07/non-conventional-energy-projects.html">Non-Conventional Energy </a><br />
Manual Pump<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/03/cogeneration-project.html">Cogeneration </a> <br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2009/09/mechanical-engineering-kinematics.html">Kinematic Project</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2015/01/bicycle-sprayer.html">Bicycle Sprayer </a><br />
Personal Flying Machines: This project is recently published in all the media publishing houses where they have shown the image of a person flying on the lake with the help of a flying machine.<br />
<br />
Solar Object Lifting Jack: It is a motorized electronic lifting jack that is powered by solar energy.<br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Air compressor at home: </b><br />
<b><br /></b>Paddle powered mobile charger: It is based on the dynamo chain concept. We have been using dynamo in bicycles for years. The best part about this is, mobile charger kits are available at online stores. You can learn the whole concept by purchasing a kit online and by disassembling it. </div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com22tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-58083612451151101402013-08-02T21:55:00.003-07:002020-02-29T00:41:40.605-08:00Lean Manufacturing and value stream mapping<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Lean <a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/09/manufacturing-project-ideas.html">manufacturing</a> is about reducing waste spendings in an operation, such as long lead times,<br />
defects and material waste. This principle was first used in Toyota around 1988 and sometime also referred to as Toyotism.<br />
<br />
There is no set of standard procedures about Lean Manufacturing but instead, it's about designing the optimum process with the use of set of standard practices to increase production or output.<br />
<br />
<b>Why it is relevant now?</b><br />
<br />
Competition in the manufacturing sector is intense and it is increasing with each passing day. Companies are shifting their manufacturing base from developed countries to developing countries to become cost-effective. To survive in this stiff competition lean <a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/09/manufacturing-project-ideas.html">manufacturing </a>can play a vital role.<br />
<br />
Today we will discuss major projects "Value Stream Mapping for Lean Manufacturing" submitted for fulfillment of their major degrees by Wolfgang Apel, Jia Yong Li and Vanessa Walton at WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE (WPI).<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/E-project/Available/E-project-083107-002611/unrestricted/Valuestreammapping.pdf">In this report</a>, we will see how CIS(Central Industrial Supply), a manufacturing company that produces electro-<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/08/mechanical-engineering-project-ideas.html">mechanical</a> components had reduced their production time to almost 50 %.<br />
<br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
<b>How it was achieved?</b><br />
To achieve their target, first, they used Value Stream Mapping which is a technique used to analyze and design the flow of materials and information required to bring a product or service to a consumer. This map can be drawn using paper and pencil; however, more advanced maps are created<br />
using Microsoft Visio as well as Microsoft Excel. Following is a basic drawing example showing how it is done:<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTT2zFKS9eLjPS_6zQI3vXlcZJor7bA8ChaO0r05bFNNWyBiLYrPCzvJT7zCXSQe0aM60g4Moyvsq2wrhNQG6aJCa3T7iu-Z3fscQnhl8B_L9GamAnpuDehUKC4rEmkLvZfmC4gUG99igT/s1600/vsp_lean_manufacturing.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Lean Manufacturing and value stream mapping" border="0" height="277" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTT2zFKS9eLjPS_6zQI3vXlcZJor7bA8ChaO0r05bFNNWyBiLYrPCzvJT7zCXSQe0aM60g4Moyvsq2wrhNQG6aJCa3T7iu-Z3fscQnhl8B_L9GamAnpuDehUKC4rEmkLvZfmC4gUG99igT/s320/vsp_lean_manufacturing.png" title="Lean Manufacturing and value stream mapping" width="320" /></a></div>
In the second step, this team uses arena simulation software to simulate possible future states, in the third step they studied companies' background and working procedure and in the fourth step they gave their recommendations which you can read in their <a href="http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/E-project/Available/E-project-083107-002611/unrestricted/Valuestreammapping.pdf">report</a> itself.<br />
<br />
<b>How Can you use it?</b><br />
In whatever field you are on whichever post, you need to create a process to optimize the output of your work.<br />
<br />
For example, I am a web developer, as a Lean project, I can divide the web development work into steps or processes. Now, I will see which process is taking what amount of time and whether I can optimize that process and get more output from it in a faster time.<br />
<br />
<b>Can A single person company implement Lean Processes?</b><br />
It doesn't matter what size your company is, the only thing matter is that you need to start experimenting with new ideas to get the best results for your case.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>Other Projects:</b><br />
<br />
<b>Development of a lean operations system in start-up </b><br />
<br />
Students will be expected to interface with plant management and manufacturing engineers to improve plant layout, production scheduling, process flow, work cell design, and inventory control systems. Since this project involves a start-up operation, student recommendations are expected to contribute to future design and layout of new assembly lines and inventory control systems at the facility.
<br />
<br />
I hope this article helped you in understanding Lean manufacturing implementation.</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-52244274459917152902013-07-30T21:05:00.001-07:002013-10-01T12:16:21.678-07:00Study of Valuation models and Equity Research <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The process of determining the current worth of an asset or company. There are many techniques that can be used to determine value, some are subjective and others are objective. For example, an analyst valuing a company may look at the company's management, the composition of its capital structure, prospect of future earnings, and market value of assets. Judging the contributions of a company's management would be more of a subjective valuation technique, while calculating intrinsic value based on future earnings would be an objective technique.<br />
<br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
<b>Role of Valuation:</b><br />
Valuation is useful in a wide range of tasks. The role it plays, however, is different in different arenas. The following section lays out the relevance of valuation in portfolio management, acquisition analysis and corporate finance.<br />
<br />
<br />
<ol style="text-align: left;">
<li>Valuation and Portfolio Management</li>
<ol>
<li>Fundamental Analysts</li>
<li>Franchise Buyer</li>
<li>Chartists</li>
<li>Information Traders</li>
<li>Market Timers</li>
<li>Efficient Marketers</li>
</ol>
<li>Valuation in Acquisition Analysis</li>
<li>Valuation in Corporate Finance</li>
</ol>
<div>
Project report given below discuss about all of the above points about Valuation Models and equity research in detail.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<iframe height="480" src="https://docs.google.com/file/d/0BzFgjUC33kNfTFBKRjZGaXhaWjA/preview" width="640"></iframe>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-12981891593137358772013-07-19T10:20:00.004-07:002020-02-02T23:31:24.294-08:00Electronic Fuel Injection system<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Emission from the engine has been considered as the vital source of air pollution, as a result, governments of various countries start to demand for a strict emission standard from Automobile companies. To achieve emission targets, companies need to optimize engine designs. As Fuel injection is an important step in the engine, it's too needs to improve.<br />
<br />
In this post, we will discuss how the fuel injection system works, why it is required and how we can improve its working to make our engine fuel efficient?<br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
Fuel injection is a system of admitting fuel into an internal combustion engine. It is a part of the engine since automobiles came into existence, though it is often used in Diesel or Gasoline engines only. Before the ignition system, the carburetor was used for fuel injection, where suction created by intake air accelerated through a Venturi tube to draw the fuel into the air stream.<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQzcOMew16Uni5O1U9fdu6ATFq5AZ98xlc9jPyKuW_b_pNr26CCCc1wnmJjb5nR_9pNvyRtoRBiDiB4G_znRHX6WAY2o4csFG8JjqbkOg3xyqdUEHYVQws1syh4x_1CHHEVYx_UjvwYAZW/s1600/fuel_injector.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Electronic Fuel Injection system" border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQzcOMew16Uni5O1U9fdu6ATFq5AZ98xlc9jPyKuW_b_pNr26CCCc1wnmJjb5nR_9pNvyRtoRBiDiB4G_znRHX6WAY2o4csFG8JjqbkOg3xyqdUEHYVQws1syh4x_1CHHEVYx_UjvwYAZW/s320/fuel_injector.gif" title="Electronic Fuel Injection system" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<b>So, how fuel injection is different from carburetor system?</b><br />
In this system, fuel is forced into the combustion chamber using the atomizer nozzle at high pressure. It improves the performance of the engine considerably both in efficiency and performance.<br />
<br />
<b>Why Electronic fuel injection required?</b><br />
In this system computers are used to calculate the amount of fuel requires by the engine at any given time. It is a precise, reliable and cost-effective system. It provides an A/F ratio for all speed, load, and temperature ranges.<br />
<br />
<b>Electronic Fuel Injection:</b><br />
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_fuel_injection">What is EFI?</a><br />
<a href="http://auto.howstuffworks.com/fuel-injection.htm">How electronic fuel injection works</a>?<br />
<a href="http://www.well.com/~mosk/EFI1.htm">The 22R-TE engine</a><br />
<br />
<b>Related PDF :</b><br />
<a href="http://www.autoshop101.com/forms/h20.pdf">EFI Overview</a><br />
<b><br /></b><b>Related Presentation :</b><br />
<a href="http://facultyfiles.deanza.edu/gems/waltonjohn/ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION.ppt">Electronic fuel injection</a><br />
<a href="http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/mat_phy_berisha/china98/Sensors%20used%20in%20EFI.ppt">Sensors used in EFI</a><br />
<a href="http://instructor.mstc.edu/instructor/candres/studentaccess/Presentations/Unit%208/Basic%20EFI.ppt">Basic EFI</a><br />
<div>
<br /></div>
<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/voPqR-5TN0I" width="560"></iframe><br />
<br /></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-54249513814878652372013-04-18T03:54:00.002-07:002020-02-02T23:33:39.068-08:00Solar powered boats<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The boat is an important mode of transportation on water. Nonetheless, We also use it for tourism purposes to explore beautiful places, rivers, and beaches. The project, we are going to discuss today is about 2-stroke engine boats we usually see on popular tourist destinations.2-stroke engines are the most common form of engines used in boats but they are far more polluting than engines used in cars. With toxic fumes they spew, they are destroying our climate gradually. Moreover, this engine emits Sulfur dioxide gas which later reacts with oxygen found in water to produce sulfuric acid. Sulphuric Acid is harmful to the species inside the water as well as for the surroundings.<br />
In this post, we will see, how we can use <a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/01/solar-energy-projects.html">solar energy</a> in the boat to replace these traditional fuel engines. Converting these engines to electric engine helps our environment and also help us to protect our resources.<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhANnwhCguAMwlD6v03exBESq8n13Iuw8Mtk7SFwTqVcG0G1ft0HFKOit5-PJ9CwUDyX8VGYMRSsccNiqci_atkj1G8XbRyJJ3yW2ctjE5oGR_HDce-jCIqvNCh-lHJSDZry-_0sjXgJhXu/s1600/solar_boat.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Solar powered boats" border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhANnwhCguAMwlD6v03exBESq8n13Iuw8Mtk7SFwTqVcG0G1ft0HFKOit5-PJ9CwUDyX8VGYMRSsccNiqci_atkj1G8XbRyJJ3yW2ctjE5oGR_HDce-jCIqvNCh-lHJSDZry-_0sjXgJhXu/s320/solar_boat.jpg" title="Solar powered boats" width="320" /></a><br />
Before we discuss any further, first we should look for other renewable energy sources we can use:<br />
Wind Power: Though, It is a good option and has been used for a long time back but we have two basic problems with a wind-powered small boat, First it requires a lot of space inside the boat and second it is not very efficient.<br />
<br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/11/pedal-powered-washing-machine.html">Pedal</a>: We can also consider using a pedal boat but with the pedal boat, we can't travel long distances.<br />
<br />
Hybrid(Electric + Diesel): This can be a great alternative but requires a great amount of technical knowledge and processors to decide when to shift between electric to diesel and vice-versa.<br />
<br />
Electric Boat: They solve many of the above-mentioned problems and that's why we select this option, but it has problems of its own. The first major problem with <a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2011/02/build-electric-two-wheeler-bike.html">electric engines</a> is their energy source itself which is electricity. Water is a good conductor and we should find a way to make sure that electricity and water get separate always.<br />
<br />
<b>Things to consider:</b><br />
<br />
<b>Make your boat as light as you can:</b> Remove all the unnecessary mass from the boat.<br />
<br />
<b>Powering for a whole day of use:</b> To make it an attractive option, we need to power its engine with sufficient electricity for 24 x 7 traveling. To do so, we will require a constant energy source which is solar energy and a great energy storage unit which is our battery. To capture sunlight we require solar cells which themselves have associated problems of weight and size. A medium-size solar cell weights around 7 kg. So, if we use more solar cells, it will increase the mass which corresponds to more electricity consumption. To, somewhat solve this problem we can use the tilting mechanism to capture more electricity from lesser cells..<br />
<br />
<b>Waterproof batteries: </b>When we travel on the water, there would be occasions when our batteries get wet, so it absolutely necessary to use waterproof batteries.<br />
<br />
<b>Efficient motor: </b>More efficient our motor, lesser the requirement of solar cells and batteries.<br />
<br />
<b>Related Video:</b><br />
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/E23a1y_N8Xo" width="560"></iframe>
<b><br /></b>
<b>Related Posts:</b><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/01/solar-energy-projects.html">Solar Projects</a></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-31247497883326444552013-04-16T03:52:00.000-07:002020-02-02T23:35:12.142-08:00Nanowires new innovation in Solar Energy<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
In the last post, we discussed "<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2013/04/carbon-solar-cells.html" target="_blank">carbon solar cell</a>" which is manufactured using 100 % carbon(widely available and cheaper to use). In that post, we discussed nanotechnology and how carbon changes its behavior on the nanoscale . Today, we will see how we can use nanotechnology with gallium arsenide(a better alternative to silicon in the solar cells).<br />
<br />
<b>Gallium Arsenide:</b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-S-VfnB-gtRHYNRaMQ9p2w2WSyTzKnLaDSSmofQLJeLXJwRUGs5G_nD2hQGGGY5g4u4jb2uNr2-xHwcFt_ekmDcRQO1PEljCCTiGt_VGPxppr-hDtXQ2-QLrReUKuajp19HHwThnEI9Ee/s1600/Gallium-arsenide.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Nanowires new innovation in Solar Energy" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-S-VfnB-gtRHYNRaMQ9p2w2WSyTzKnLaDSSmofQLJeLXJwRUGs5G_nD2hQGGGY5g4u4jb2uNr2-xHwcFt_ekmDcRQO1PEljCCTiGt_VGPxppr-hDtXQ2-QLrReUKuajp19HHwThnEI9Ee/s1600/Gallium-arsenide.png" title="Nanowires new innovation in Solar Energy" /></a></div>
Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is a compound of the elements gallium and arsenic. It is a III/V semiconductor and is used in the manufacturing of solar cells since 1970 when it was first introduced by Zhores Alferov in the USSR. In the early 1980s, the efficiency of the best GaAs solar cells surpassed that of silicon solar cells. These cells have also been used in the rovers Spirit and Opportunity, which are exploring Mars' surface.<br />
<br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
Concept:<br />
According to researcher <a href="http://people.epfl.ch/anna.fontcuberta-morral?lang=en" target="_blank">Anna Fontcuberta I Morral</a>, the inspiration for building solar cells with vertical nanowires came into her mind by observing trees. Trees capture their sunlight from all sides(360 degrees) by standing perpendicular from the ground but in our traditional cells, we are doing exactly opposite and using a horizontal way of capturing light and that makes our cells less efficient.In her experiment, she uses nano-wires which is a nanostructure, with the diameter of the order of a nanometer (10<sup>-9 </sup>meters). Nanowires require less material, therefore, less money( If we require 40 kg in the traditional method, in nanotechnology we will need only 40 grams). Nanowires are filamentary crystals with a very high ratio of length to diameter, the latter being in the nanometer range. Semiconductor nanowires are of significant interest from a fundamental point of view as they exhibit new physical and chemical properties owing to their large surface-to-volume ratio, low dimensionality, and confinement in one dimension.<br />
<br />
Related Video:<br />
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/emZxVX3XxU0" width="560"></iframe>
<br />
<b>Related Posts:</b><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/08/mechanical-engineering-project-ideas.html" target="_blank">Mechanical Projects</a><br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/01/solar-energy-projects.html" target="_blank">Solar Projects</a></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-79004239264271409152013-04-02T03:18:00.001-07:002020-02-02T23:36:29.523-08:00Carbon Solar Cells<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfcSYHfAa_KY1U5zsTqzmU2zr-NoLI8IDeGZFQIZLX5LNsHJ_xUHmQgtSnUHoQPWC7Py21aBqgjHxTKN3tRV880_R37lbje3OLVMv9MNoSeGk3VWamRZ4OKWSjd9dF1j905ZvG6Xb8dAx3/s1600/800px-Helios_in_flight.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Carbon Solar Cells" border="0" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfcSYHfAa_KY1U5zsTqzmU2zr-NoLI8IDeGZFQIZLX5LNsHJ_xUHmQgtSnUHoQPWC7Py21aBqgjHxTKN3tRV880_R37lbje3OLVMv9MNoSeGk3VWamRZ4OKWSjd9dF1j905ZvG6Xb8dAx3/s320/800px-Helios_in_flight.jpg" title="Carbon Solar Cells" width="320" /></a></div>
Though we have discussed a lot about solar energy projects, solar energy is not economically viable for our daily use because of increasingly expensive materials used in traditional solar cells made up of silicon, which is not available in abundance and hence very costly. Today, we will discuss carbon solar cells and how to use them to built complete carbon solar cells?<br />
<br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
<b>Why Carbon?</b><br />
<br />
"Carbon has the potential to deliver high performance at a low cost," said study senior author Zhenan Bao, a professor of chemical engineering at Stanford. According to Professor Bao, in the future, we can use solar cells, which are coated on the surface of buildings, on windows or on cars to generate electricity<br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>How is it possible?</b><br />
<br />
When we take elements into their nanoscale, their properties start to change and it happens with carbon too. Carbon nanotubes have great electrical conductivity. Stanford researches found that they can use nanotechnology to build a new type of solar cells by just using carbon. It consists of mainly three parts,<br />
Two Electrodes made up of Carbon Nanotubes(graphene – sheets of carbon that are one atom thick –and single-walled carbon nanotubes that are 10,000 times narrower than a human hair) instead of expensive ITO(Indium Tin Oxide) and one Active Layer made of buckyballs(soccer-ball-shaped molecules with carbon atoms at each vertex just 1 nano-meter of diameter).<br />
<br />
<i>Buckyball(C60):</i><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhN0ahd2d599k8P3wQYUdibZpnUT2VK8ZFXdTb7NF9CVpplsc_bAfULoqRb8YAH39aRJEbDObZPAYSG5LMZ7AfHh-G397WTP0VdU4v6IwzFG89CSGD9sfTen0YNXr-ddQ8vm_pIyZ4CcGYw/s1600/Buckminsterfullerene-perspective-3D-balls.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Buckyball" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhN0ahd2d599k8P3wQYUdibZpnUT2VK8ZFXdTb7NF9CVpplsc_bAfULoqRb8YAH39aRJEbDObZPAYSG5LMZ7AfHh-G397WTP0VdU4v6IwzFG89CSGD9sfTen0YNXr-ddQ8vm_pIyZ4CcGYw/s1600/Buckminsterfullerene-perspective-3D-balls.png" title="Buckyball" /></a></div>
<br />
It is a spherical football-shaped fullerene molecule.<br />
Formula: C60.
<br />
<br />
<i>Graphene:</i><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6f6SxdYWSzQuSbcTamPQOtYnaNticA0wTEAl-LdrsnHQmNDbG8m_Ti0z4GZrpJGveLOUj_mhujw1d25JSmVNbEtOfM_6SxtzrYdz7PL_XUgoaLhGWvizvMFTtF-K5eZEeYD7uQdEAECfH/s1600/Graphen.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Graphene" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6f6SxdYWSzQuSbcTamPQOtYnaNticA0wTEAl-LdrsnHQmNDbG8m_Ti0z4GZrpJGveLOUj_mhujw1d25JSmVNbEtOfM_6SxtzrYdz7PL_XUgoaLhGWvizvMFTtF-K5eZEeYD7uQdEAECfH/s1600/Graphen.jpg" title="Graphene" /></a></div>
<br />
It is a substance composed of pure carbon, with atoms arranged in a regular hexagonal pattern similar to graphite, but in a one-atom-thick sheet.<br />
<br />
<i>Carbon nanotubes:</i><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjo9ZifGoIboIS9oZ-DS7TSA_cWTBfTvwbbMkF4V5AFUybF-dr0_xnfpoT1761kLHOT6hOyizfkxYldDMZHNmZ8jitdd4r5Xi1-UT75wdl3xxB5P88Myd_v000DlCiRlReSqGOeQ3wFg7zp/s1600/Multi-walled_Carbon_Nanotube.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjo9ZifGoIboIS9oZ-DS7TSA_cWTBfTvwbbMkF4V5AFUybF-dr0_xnfpoT1761kLHOT6hOyizfkxYldDMZHNmZ8jitdd4r5Xi1-UT75wdl3xxB5P88Myd_v000DlCiRlReSqGOeQ3wFg7zp/s1600/Multi-walled_Carbon_Nanotube.png" /></a></div>
<br />
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropes of carbon with a cylindrical nanostructure.<br />
<br />
<b>Problems:</b><br />
<br />
The basic problem with carbon solar cells is their efficiency which is only 1 percent in comparison to silicon cells with 20 Percent efficiency. People working with this technology believe that they can increase these cells' efficiency significantly by implementing some minute changes during its manufacturing.<br />
<br />
<b>Advantages:</b><br />
There are many advantages of using carbon cells such as<br />
<br />
<b>Stanford Page:</b><a href="http://news.stanford.edu/news/2012/october/carbon-solar-cell-103112.html" target="_blank"> Build the first all-carbon solar cell</a><br />
<br />
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ERO9MxZIYI0" width="560"></iframe><br />
<br />
<b>Related:</b><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/01/solar-energy-projects.html" target="_blank">Solar Projects</a></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-7266425126374421842013-02-12T06:21:00.000-08:002020-02-02T23:37:03.711-08:00Fifteen Puzzle Game<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLIQfdp3okXV3db142JRDhEvXjZgqqOC5eH-l8hp2wv_6UvC8v0oTQj0wQKrY7yqX3l5cYAG56YJ13xT7M5W6ohYqJ7h8LYPXMN9aMjEOt7tfgiHr6uLY3sc8tjBtSSn_aVtP6M_e2FzkS/s1600/fifteen_puzzle_project_idea.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Fifteen Puzzle Game" border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLIQfdp3okXV3db142JRDhEvXjZgqqOC5eH-l8hp2wv_6UvC8v0oTQj0wQKrY7yqX3l5cYAG56YJ13xT7M5W6ohYqJ7h8LYPXMN9aMjEOt7tfgiHr6uLY3sc8tjBtSSn_aVtP6M_e2FzkS/s200/fifteen_puzzle_project_idea.png" title="Fifteen Puzzle Game" width="200" /></a><br />
Developing a game is always a fun and fifteen puzzle game is no different. In this game, the puzzle can be solved by arranging tiles in a correct sequence or order.<br />
<a name='more'></a>It is a very interesting application and if you decide to develop this application in any respective language, it would be a great learning experience for you. Before creating this puzzle, you should be aware of the fact that some time this puzzle is unsolvable(find out when and implement it accordingly).<br />
<div>
<br />
<b>Things to know:</b><br />
<br />
1. There is only one blank tile in the game.<br />
2. Only one adjacent tile from a blank can move<br />
3. That would also slide only to the blank position</div>
<div>
Algorithm.<br />
In one of the papers I read, I found one real-time algorithm which use both divide and rule & the Greedy Algorithm.<br />
<a href="https://github.com/chval/Fifteen-Puzzle">Download Source</a>(available for c++ and Perl)<br />
<b>Useful PDF:</b><br />
<a href="http://larc.unt.edu/ian/pubs/saml.pdf">A real-time algorithm for n2-1 puzzle</a></div>
<div>
<a href="https://ece.uwaterloo.ca/~dwharder/aads/Algorithms/N_puzzles/">8 and 15 puzzles</a><br />
<a href="http://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~ccalabro/essays/15_puzzle.pdf">Solving the 15 puzzle</a></div>
<div>
<b>Related Projects:</b><br />
<a href="http://iprojectideas.blogspot.com/2008/08/computer-science-project-ideas.html">Computer Science Project</a><br />
<br />
<br /></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-13617980756064432382013-01-11T05:35:00.000-08:002020-02-02T23:39:28.977-08:00Beginners Hotel Management System in PHP<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b>Project:</b> Beginners Hotel Management System<br />
<b>Introduction: </b>It is a simple management system containing two sections:<br />
1.User: User can find out whether there is any room available at any particular date<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFs6t5V1fJK8y7GfmKbQ1ENxbtp2SoaWwy6H6se5oyT1_mz2KoTP1LiZE81iWQ_ERMJ3-Pod8xr21BCZag22ql6Ngl_QrcujIlkMU9otRGFuM4gQVB8ojZW9nv9UjOtZPRcNL4ezRaRiOt/s1600/user_interface_hms.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="User Module" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFs6t5V1fJK8y7GfmKbQ1ENxbtp2SoaWwy6H6se5oyT1_mz2KoTP1LiZE81iWQ_ERMJ3-Pod8xr21BCZag22ql6Ngl_QrcujIlkMU9otRGFuM4gQVB8ojZW9nv9UjOtZPRcNL4ezRaRiOt/s1600/user_interface_hms.png" title="User Module" /></a></div>
2.Admin: Admin can manage, update and create new bookings<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaOhl8IQiYKxFbPXBW8QFY1qintBlYXBvxzEYfEfR0BN7gj4YsJUoWcCNtToJWk_9KAIxVti1Y77ZTqq5t2q5t00PxGhv0TBPYCSbnjDoZ7j2UprNj2Jh4i6DLE0h_foD7-710kkVn2PoD/s1600/admin_interface_hms.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Admin Module" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaOhl8IQiYKxFbPXBW8QFY1qintBlYXBvxzEYfEfR0BN7gj4YsJUoWcCNtToJWk_9KAIxVti1Y77ZTqq5t2q5t00PxGhv0TBPYCSbnjDoZ7j2UprNj2Jh4i6DLE0h_foD7-710kkVn2PoD/s1600/admin_interface_hms.png" title="Admin Module" /></a></div>
<br />
<b>Difficulty:</b> Beginner<br />
<b>Estimated Time:</b> 30 minutes<br />
<b>Languages: </b>PHP and Mysql<br />
<b>Tools Required: </b>Xampp, Notepad++<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.dropbox.com/s/dlbpmdqowxwiaey/hotel.rar">Download</a><br />
<br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Step1. Database creation</span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Open PHPMyAdmin using http://localhost/phpmyadmin in XAMPP </li>
<li>Create Database:
HOTEL </li>
<li>Create Table:</li>
<pre class="brush: sql;">CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `rooms_info` (
`booking_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`room_no` varchar(55) NOT NULL,
`check_in` date NOT NULL,
`check_out` date NOT NULL,
`no_of_rooms` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`booking_id`),
KEY `room_no` (`room_no`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=10;
</pre>
<li> Insert some dummy data for a start</li>
<pre class="brush: sql;">INSERT INTO `rooms_info` (`booking_id`, `room_no`, `check_in`, `check_out`, `no_of_rooms`) VALUES
(1, '1', '2013-01-02', '2013-01-03', 3),
(2, '2', '2013-01-03', '2013-01-04', 3),
(3, '3', '2013-01-01', '2013-01-04', 2),
(4, '4,5', '2013-01-04', '2013-01-05', 2),
(5, '2,3,4', '2013-01-05', '2013-01-25', 2),
(6, '5,6,8', '2013-02-07', '2013-02-28', 3),
(7, '4,5,6', '2013-10-05', '2013-11-09', 3),
(8, '2,3,4', '2013-03-05', '2013-03-08', 3),
(9, '5,6,7', '2013-01-05', '2013-01-08', 3);
</pre>
</ul>
<span style="font-size: large;">Step2. User Interface</span><br />
<br />
Create index.php file where user can submit reservation form as well as gets update about reservation status<br />
<b>index.php</b><br />
<pre class="brush: php;"><?php
include('config.php');
if (isset($_GET['submit'])) {
/* Getting data from form submitted at index.php page */
$user_checkin_date = $_GET['checkin_date'];
$user_checkin_month = $_GET['checkin_month'];
$user_checkin_year = $_GET['checkin_year'];
$user_checkout_date = $_GET['checkout_date'];
$user_checkout_month = $_GET['checkout_month'];
$user_checkout_year = $_GET['checkout_year'];
$persons = $_GET['persons']; // this variable will be used when we scale up this application
$rooms = $_GET['rooms'];
/* End of collecting data */
//Check for any invalid submissions, you should apply as much validation as possible
if ($user_checkin_month == 2 || $user_checkin_month == 4 || $user_checkin_month == 6 || $user_checkin_month == 9 || $user_checkin_month == 11 || $user_checkout_month == 2 || $user_checkout_month == 4 || $user_checkout_month == 6 || $user_checkout_month == 9 || $user_checkout_month == 11) {
if ($user_checkin_date >= 31 || $user_checkout_date >= 31) {
$error = 1;
$error_type[] = "For month $user_checkin_month 31st is invalid Date";
} else if ($user_checkin_month == 2 || $user_checkout_month == 2) {
if ($user_checkin_date >= 28 || $user_checkout_date >= 28) {
$error = 1;
$error_type[] = 'Feb Date Error';
}
} else {
$error = 0;
}
} else {
$error = 0;
}
if ($user_checkin_date >= $user_checkout_date) {
$error = 1;
$error_type[] = "Check out date can't be equal or lesser than check in date , please try again!!";
}
// converting date into yyyy-mm-dd format
$user_checkin_date = "$user_checkin_year" . "-" . "$user_checkin_month" . "-" . "$user_checkin_date";
$user_checkout_date = "$user_checkout_year" . "-" . "$user_checkout_month" . "-" . "$user_checkout_date";
// info convert into unix timestamp
$user_checkin_date = strtotime($user_checkin_date);
$user_checkout_date = strtotime($user_checkout_date);
global $total_rooms_available;
$total_rooms_available = 10;
while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result)) {
$check_in = $row['check_in'];
$check_out = $row['check_out'];
$no_of_rooms = $row['no_of_rooms'];
$check_in = strtotime($check_in);
$check_out = strtotime($check_out);
// test for availability with check in and check out date
if ($check_in <= $user_checkin_date && $user_checkin_date < $check_out) {
$room_available = 0;
$total_rooms_available = $total_rooms_available - $no_of_rooms;
} // end of if check in loop
else {
if ($check_in < $user_checkout_date && $user_checkout_date <= $check_out) {
$room_available = 0;
$total_rooms_available = $total_rooms_available - $no_of_rooms;
} // end of if checkout loop
else {
$room_available = 1;
} // end of else check out loop
}
}
}// end of if submit button has pressed
?>
<h3>Reservation:</h3>
<form action="index.php" id="reservation-form">
<fieldset>
<div class="field"><label>Check In:</label><select class="select1" name="checkin_date"><option>01</option><option>02</option><option>03</option><option>04</option><option>05</option><option>06</option><option>07</option><option>08</option><option>09</option><option>10</option><option>11</option><option>12</option><option>13</option><option>14</option><option>15</option><option>16</option><option>17</option><option>18</option><option>19</option><option>20</option><option>21</option><option>22</option><option>23</option><option>24</option><option>25</option><option>26</option><option>27</option><option>28</option><option>29</option><option>30</option><option>31</option></select><select class="select1" name="checkin_month"><option>01</option><option>02</option><option>03</option><option>04</option><option>05</option><option>06</option><option>07</option><option>08</option><option>09</option><option>10</option><option>11</option><option>12</option></select><select class="select2" name="checkin_year"><option>2013</option><option>2014</option><option>2015</option><option>2016</option></select></div>
<div class="field"><label>Check Out:</label><select class="select1" name="checkout_date"><option>01</option><option>02</option><option>03</option><option>04</option><option>05</option><option>06</option><option>07</option><option>08</option><option>09</option><option>10</option><option>11</option><option>12</option><option>13</option><option>14</option><option>15</option><option>16</option><option>17</option><option>18</option><option>19</option><option>20</option><option>21</option><option>22</option><option>23</option><option>24</option><option>25</option><option>26</option><option>27</option><option>28</option><option>29</option><option>30</option><option>31</option></select><select class="select1" name="checkout_month"><option>01</option><option>02</option><option>03</option><option>04</option><option>05</option><option>06</option><option>07</option><option>08</option><option>09</option><option>10</option><option>11</option><option>12</option></select><select class="select2" name="checkout_year"><option>2013</option><option>2014</option><option>2015</option><option>2016</option></select></div>
<div class="field"><label>Persons:</label> <select class="select1" name="persons"><option>1</option><option>2</option><option>3</option><option>4</option><option>5</option></select> </div>
<div class="field"><label>Rooms:</label><select class="select1" name="rooms"><option>1</option><option>2</option><option>3</option><option>4</option><option>5</option></select></div>
<div class="button"><span><span><input type="submit" name="submit" value="Check Availability" /></span></span></div>
</fieldset>
</form>
<?php if (isset($_GET['submit'])) { ?>
<h2>Reservation Update!</h2>
<?php
if ($error) {
foreach ($error_type as $value) {
echo"$value<br />";
}
} else {
if ($rooms < $room_available && $room_available != 0) {
echo "Only $room_available room is available instead of $rooms rooms required by you";
} else {
echo "$total_rooms_available rooms are available , call 0000000(hotel number) to book now";
}
}// end of else about check in date lesser than check out date
} // end of if isset get submit loop
?>
</pre>
<b><br /></b><span style="font-size: large;">
Step3. Admin Section </span><br />
In admin section, we will need mainly three files and one class, first admin/index.php and second admin/login_success.php third admin/Logout.php and fourth one is third party class <a href="http://www.triconsole.com/php/calendar_datepicker.php">tc_calendar</a>(optional) which helps us to show javascript calendar.<br />
<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Create new folder Admin</li>
<li>Create index file and paste php source shown below</li>
<pre class="brush: php;">// user name and password for admin, preferred way is to create database user table inside database
$username = "hotel";
$password = "123456";
if (isset($_POST['Submit'])) {
// username and password sent from form
$myusername = $_POST['myusername'];
$mypassword = $_POST['mypassword'];
// To protect MySQL injection
$myusername = stripslashes($myusername);
$mypassword = stripslashes($mypassword);
$myusername = mysql_real_escape_string($myusername);
$mypassword = mysql_real_escape_string($mypassword);
} // end of isset post submit
?>
<p><br /><br />Welcome to Administrator Page of <a href="http://hotel.url">Hotel!</a></p>
<table width="300" border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" bgcolor="#CCCCCC">
<tr>
<form name="form1" method="post" action="./">
<td>
<table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="1" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<tr>
<td colspan="3"><strong>Member Login </strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="78">Username</td>
<td width="6">:</td>
<td width="294"><input name="myusername" type="text" id="myusername"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Password</td>
<td>:</td>
<td><input name="mypassword" type="password" id="mypassword"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td><input type="submit" name="Submit" value="Login"></td>
</tr>
<?php
if (isset($_POST['Submit'])) {
echo"<tr><td COLSPAN=3>";
// If result matched $myusername and $mypassword, table row must be 1 row
if ($myusername == $username && $mypassword == $password) {
// Register $myusername, $mypassword and redirect to file "login_success.php"
$_SESSION['username'] = $username;
header("location:login_success.php");
} else {
echo "<p style=\"background-color:#FFE0FF\">Wrong Username or Password ! <a href=\"../Admin\">Login Again</a></p>";
}
echo"</td></tr>";
}
?>
</table>
</td>
</form>
</tr>
</table></pre>
<li>login_sucess.php</li>
<pre class="brush: php;"><?php
############### Code
// Check if session is not registered, redirect back to main page.
// Put this code in first line of web page.
session_start();
if (!isset($_SESSION["username"])) {
echo"Invalid username and password<br />";
echo"Please try again";
echo"<a href=\"./index.php\">Click Here</a>";
header("location:index.php");
}
include("../config.php");
?>
<script language="javascript" src="calendar.js"></script>
<h1> Admin Page </h1>
<p><br /><br />Welcome to Administrator Page of <a href="http://hotel.url">Hotel!</a></p>
<?php
if (isset($_SESSION["username"])) {
echo"<a href=\"./Logout.php\">Log Out!</a>";
}
if (isset($_POST['submit'])) {
$booking_1 = $_POST['booking1'];
$room_no_1 = $_POST['room_no1'];
$check_in_1 = $_POST['check_in1'];
$check_out_1 = $_POST['check_out1'];
$no_of_rooms_1 = $_POST['no_of_rooms1'];
$result = mysql_query("UPDATE `hotel`.`rooms_info` SET `room_no` = '$room_no_1',
`check_in` = '$check_in_1',
`check_out` = '$check_out_1',
`no_of_rooms` = '$no_of_rooms_1' WHERE `rooms_info`.`booking_id` = $booking_1;")
or die(mysql_error());
$booking_2 = $_POST['booking2'];
$room_no_2 = $_POST['room_no2'];
$check_in_2 = $_POST['check_in2'];
$check_out_2 = $_POST['check_out2'];
$no_of_rooms_2 = $_POST['no_of_rooms2'];
$result = mysql_query("UPDATE `hotel`.`rooms_info` SET `room_no` = '$room_no_2',
`check_in` = '$check_in_2',
`check_out` = '$check_out_2',
`no_of_rooms` = '$no_of_rooms_2' WHERE `rooms_info`.`booking_id` = $booking_2;")
or die(mysql_error());
$booking_3 = $_POST['booking3'];
$room_no_3 = $_POST['room_no3'];
$check_in_3 = $_POST['check_in3'];
$check_out_3 = $_POST['check_out3'];
$no_of_rooms_3 = $_POST['no_of_rooms3'];
$result = mysql_query("UPDATE `hotel`.`rooms_info` SET `room_no` = '$room_no_3',
`check_in` = '$check_in_3',
`check_out` = '$check_out_3',
`no_of_rooms` = '$no_of_rooms_3' WHERE `rooms_info`.`booking_id` = $booking_3;")
or die(mysql_error());
$booking_4 = $_POST['booking4'];
$room_no_4 = $_POST['room_no4'];
$check_in_4 = $_POST['check_in4'];
$check_out_4 = $_POST['check_out4'];
$no_of_rooms_4 = $_POST['no_of_rooms4'];
$result = mysql_query("UPDATE `hotel`.`rooms_info` SET `room_no` = '$room_no_4',
`check_in` = '$check_in_4',
`check_out` = '$check_out_4',
`no_of_rooms` = '$no_of_rooms_4' WHERE `rooms_info`.`booking_id` = $booking_4;")
or die(mysql_error());
$booking_5 = $_POST['booking5'];
$room_no_5 = $_POST['room_no5'];
$check_in_5 = $_POST['check_in5'];
$check_out_5 = $_POST['check_out5'];
$no_of_rooms_5 = $_POST['no_of_rooms5'];
$result = mysql_query("UPDATE `hotel`.`rooms_info` SET `room_no` = '$room_no_5',
`check_in` = '$check_in_5',
`check_out` = '$check_out_5',
`no_of_rooms` = '$no_of_rooms_5' WHERE `rooms_info`.`booking_id` = $booking_5;")
or die(mysql_error());
$booking_6 = $_POST['booking6'];
$room_no_6 = $_POST['room_no6'];
$check_in_6 = isset($_REQUEST["date6"]) ? $_REQUEST["date6"] : "";
$check_out_6 = isset($_REQUEST["date7"]) ? $_REQUEST["date7"] : "";
$no_of_rooms_6 = $_POST['no_of_rooms6'];
if ($room_no_6 != '') {
$result = mysql_query("INSERT INTO `hotel`.`rooms_info` (`booking_id`, `room_no`, `check_in`, `check_out`, `no_of_rooms`) VALUES ('$booking_6', '$room_no_6', '$check_in_6', '$check_out_6', '$no_of_rooms_6');")
or die(mysql_error());
}
echo "<p style=\"background-color:#E0FFFF;\">Saved Successfully, View changes on Site <a href=\"../\" target=\"_blank\">Click Here</a></p>";
}
$result = mysql_query("SELECT *
FROM `rooms_info`
ORDER BY `rooms_info`.`booking_id` DESC
LIMIT 0 , 5")
or die(mysql_error());
while ($data = mysql_fetch_array($result)) {
$booking_id[] = $data['booking_id'];
$room_no[] = $data['room_no'];
$check_in[] = $data['check_in'];
$check_out[] = $data['check_out'];
$no_of_rooms[] = $data['no_of_rooms'];
}
$new_booking_id = $booking_id[0] + 1;
?>
<table border="1">
<tr><th>Booking Details</th><th></th><th>New Booking</th><th>Booked Rooms</th></tr>
<tr><td>
<table>
<form id="form1" name="form1" method="post" action="">
<?php
//get class into the page
require_once('./classes/tc_calendar.php');
//instantiate class and set properties
$myCalendar = new tc_calendar("date6", true);
$myCalendar->setIcon("./images/iconCalendar.gif");
$myCalendar->setDate(2, 1, 2013);
$myCalendar7 = new tc_calendar("date7", true);
$myCalendar7->setIcon("./images/iconCalendar.gif");
$myCalendar7->setDate(3, 1, 2013);
?>
<tr><td> <label>Booking ID</label></td><td> <input name="booking1" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $booking_id[0]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Room No</label></td><td> <input name="room_no1" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $room_no[0]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Check In</label> </td><td><input name="check_in1" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $check_in[0]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Check Out</label> </td><td><input name="check_out1" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $check_out[0]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>No of Rooms</label> </td><td><input name="no_of_rooms1" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $no_of_rooms[0]; ?>" /></td></tr><br />
</table>
<table>
<tr><td> <label>Booking ID</label></td><td> <input name="booking2" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $booking_id[1]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Room No</label></td><td> <input name="room_no2" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $room_no[1]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Check In</label> </td><td><input name="check_in2" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $check_in[1]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Check Out</label> </td><td><input name="check_out2" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $check_out[1]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>No of Rooms</label> </td><td><input name="no_of_rooms2" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $no_of_rooms[1]; ?>" /></td></tr><br />
</table>
<table>
<tr><td> <label>Booking ID</label></td><td> <input name="booking3" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $booking_id[2]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Room No</label></td><td> <input name="room_no3" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $room_no[2]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Check In</label> </td><td><input name="check_in3" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $check_in[2]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Check Out</label> </td><td><input name="check_out3" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $check_out[2]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>No of Rooms</label> </td><td><input name="no_of_rooms3" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $no_of_rooms[2]; ?>" /></td></tr><br />
</table>
<table>
<tr><td> <label>Booking ID</label></td><td> <input name="booking4" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $booking_id[3]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Room No</label></td><td> <input name="room_no4" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $room_no[3]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Check In</label> </td><td><input name="check_in4" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $check_in[3]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Check Out</label> </td><td><input name="check_out4" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $check_out[3]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>No of Rooms</label> </td><td><input name="no_of_rooms4" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $no_of_rooms[3]; ?>" /></td></tr>
</table>
<table>
<tr><td> <label>Booking ID</label></td><td> <input name="booking5" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $booking_id[4]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Room No</label></td><td> <input name="room_no5" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $room_no[4]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Check In</label> </td><td><input name="check_in5" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $check_in[4]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Check Out</label> </td><td><input name="check_out5" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $check_out[4]; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>No of Rooms</label> </td><td><input name="no_of_rooms5" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $no_of_rooms[4]; ?>" /></td></tr><br />
</table>
</td>
<td>&nbsp; &nbsp;</td>
<td>
<table>
<tr><td> <label>Booking ID</label></td><td> <input name="booking6" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="<?php echo $new_booking_id; ?>" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Room No</label></td><td> <input name="room_no6" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="" /></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Check In</label> </td><td><?php //output the calendar
$myCalendar->writeScript();
?></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>Check Out</label> </td><td><?php //output the calendar
$myCalendar7->writeScript();
?></td></tr>
<tr><td><label>No of Rooms</label> </td><td><input name="no_of_rooms6" type="text" size="32" maxlength="40" value="" /></td></tr><br />
</table>
</td>
<td>
<?php
$result = mysql_query("SELECT *
FROM `rooms_info`
ORDER BY `rooms_info`.`booking_id` DESC")
or die(mysql_error());
global $total_rooms_available;
$total_rooms_available = 10;
$booked_room = array();
$today_date = date("Y-m-d");
$today_date = strtotime($today_date);
$tommorow_date = date("Y-m-d", strtotime("+1 day"));
$tommorow_date = strtotime($tommorow_date);
while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result)) {
$check_in = $row['check_in'];
$check_out = $row['check_out'];
$room_no = $row['room_no'];
$no_of_rooms = $row['no_of_rooms'];
$check_in = strtotime($check_in);
$check_out = strtotime($check_out);
// test for availability with check in and check out date
if ($check_in <= $today_date && $today_date < $check_out) {
$room_available = 0;
$total_rooms_available = $total_rooms_available - $no_of_rooms;
$booked_room[] = $room_no;
} // end of if check in loop
else {
if ($check_in < $tommorow_date && $tommorow_date <= $check_out) {
$room_available = 0;
$total_rooms_available = $total_rooms_available - $no_of_rooms;
$booked_room[] = $room_no;
} // end of if checkout loop
else {
$room_available = 1;
} // end of else check out loop
}
}
echo "Available Rooms: $total_rooms_available";
echo "<br />Booked Room No. <br />";
foreach ($booked_room as $value) {
echo "<br />$value<br />";
}
?>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><input name="submit" type="submit" value="Save" /> </td></tr>
</form>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html></pre>
<li>Logout.php</li>
<pre class="brush: php;"><?php
// Put this code in first line of web page.
session_start();
session_destroy();
header("location:index.php");
?></pre>
</ul>
In this tutorial we have covered basics of the hotel management system.You can extend it as much as you want. I hope it helped you in understanding the logic behind these types of systems.
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5348140348254160441.post-85723957624587258232012-10-20T11:49:00.003-07:002020-02-02T23:41:31.433-08:00Maze solving Robot<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
We have discussed many projects in Robotics before including Line Follower Robot. Maze Solving Robot is similar project but before we discuss about this project, we should know about maze and our objective.<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b>What is Maze?</b></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVyISNJoVX9qW1BAoMdIR7Go_Ilxu7LgYJFcMRDcvzaaC9dWxo3wvTG3N1Txyi-y6Vi4gCI5yuK7dR6IP8_imQKfLib1mE9YUivRL7xXrZXMcfAIhcxXf2W2H_UnYccsm_xmR5wjyYP84F/s1600/Maze.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Maze solving Robot" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVyISNJoVX9qW1BAoMdIR7Go_Ilxu7LgYJFcMRDcvzaaC9dWxo3wvTG3N1Txyi-y6Vi4gCI5yuK7dR6IP8_imQKfLib1mE9YUivRL7xXrZXMcfAIhcxXf2W2H_UnYccsm_xmR5wjyYP84F/s1600/Maze.png" title="Maze solving Robot" /></a>Maze is a type of puzzle with start start and end points including many dead ends.To solve this puzzle we need to find right path in a fastest possible way.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b>What type of maze we are going to use for our robot?</b></div>
<div>
Usually, this project requires line maze which is black line on a white background.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b>Our Objective:</b></div>
</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
We will build a robot which can find its way in a line maze from start point to end point.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b>Basic Requirements:</b></div>
<div>
<br />
<b>Two Motors:</b> Motors will move robot forward(Both motors running) and help it turns towards left(left motor slow and right fast) or right( right motor slow and left fast).<br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Five Infrared Sensors: </b>Sensors helps robot to find its path and keeps it updated about the line on the floor.With five sensors their are 32 combination possible but many of them are unlikely to occur in our experiment.For ex. 11111(All indicating black) will never occur because their is only one line and this pattern is showing that line on both side of robot including line on which it is moving.<br />
<br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
<b>Concept:</b><br />
<br />
<b>Deciding some rules:</b><br />
Before implementing this project, you should decide some basic rules which robot must follow. For example if robot face a situation of T or Four Way , in which direction it should turn? Some students go for right hand rule where robot always give preference to right hand side and some go for left hand rule, though both rules are correct, you need to select one of them and teach robot accordingly.<br />
<br />
<b>Intersection:</b><br />
<br />
Define intersections ( turns except only right and only left) where robot needs to take decisions.<br />
<br />
<b>Storing Information:</b><br />
<br />
Robot should store information about Dead ends(180 degree turns where pattern is five zeroes 00000) and Bad turns.<br />
<br />
<b>Algorithm:</b><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZluzrN_2J2lHNNq2UEj2eqTufxIkQp3j8FIf4w7wCerWm1Mj0Cyx6eU5zH7De18HxQXxa4fjLr4t8-grQu9HqYsY-BqSeggVzFQfga6At1_siFCWQ4oSlYi_mHMqO5L1xRkP0WhRNQZqt/s1600/Maze.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Maze" border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZluzrN_2J2lHNNq2UEj2eqTufxIkQp3j8FIf4w7wCerWm1Mj0Cyx6eU5zH7De18HxQXxa4fjLr4t8-grQu9HqYsY-BqSeggVzFQfga6At1_siFCWQ4oSlYi_mHMqO5L1xRkP0WhRNQZqt/s320/Maze.png" title="Maze " width="304" /></a></div>
Step 1). The robot will start from the first end and move straight as there is only one line.<br />
<br />
Step 2). It will move Left because there is only left direction( no intersection so no storage) where it can move.<br />
<br />
Step 3). Move Left again(no intersection, therefore, no storage)<br />
<br />
Step 4). Move Left ( Intersection and we apply Left-hand Rule) Store L<br />
<br />
Step 5). Take U-Turn ( Reached Dead End) Store value becomes LU<br />
<br />
Step 6). Take Left Again ( Intersection and applies left-hand rule) Store value becomes LUL. We move Left but because we took U-turn in the fifth step we now know that we should not have taken<br />
<br />
Step 7).To avoid this mistake for the future we will replace LUL to S.<br />
<br />
Step 8). Move Straight ( Intersection again but as we are following left-hand rule, we will not turn towards the right, instead we will follow straight Path) and stored value becomes SS<br />
<br />
Step 8). Turn right ( Only right available therefore no intersection)<br />
<br />
Step 9.) Reach Target.<br />
<br />
So SS will correctly guide the robot in the next run.<br />
<br />
<b>Useful Links:</b><br />
<br />
<a href="http://cscott.net/Projects/theseus.pdf">Maze Solving Robot</a><br />
<a href="http://www.cs.bu.edu/teaching/alg/maze/">Recursion Solving a Maze</a><br />
<a href="http://eces.colorado.edu/~mohamema/micromouse.pdf">Micro mouse: Intelligent autonomous maze solving robot</a><br />
<br /></div>
<div>
<b>Related Video:</b></div>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ppVcOgE-v7w" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b>More Projects:</b><br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2010/05/robotics-projects-for-engineering.html">Robotics Projects</a><br />
<a href="https://www.projectideasblog.com/2008/08/mechanical-engineering-project-ideas.html">Mechanical Projects</a><br />
<br /></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0